Caterpillars of the Monarch butterfly eat plants that are toxic to other animals so that their tissues become toxic. Birds that try to eat Monarchs vomit and then avoid the striking orange-and-black pattern in the future.

The viceroy is another species of butterfly. Viceroys resemble monarchs, but they are not toxic. Is the appearance of the viceroy adaptive? How could you test this hypothesis?

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Can you tell which is the Monarch and which is the Viceroy? Viceroys have a black stripe in the hind wing that goes across the other stripes. Monarchs do not.