Based on data from the U.S. Center for Health Statistics, the death rate for males in the 15–24 age bracket is 114.4 per 100,000 population, and the death rate for females in that same age bracket is 44.0 per 100,000 population.

a. If a male in that age bracket is randomly selected, what is the probability that he will survive? (Express the answer with six decimal places.)

b. If two males in that age bracket are randomly selected, what is the probability that they both survive?

c. If two females in that age bracket are randomly selected, what is the probability that they both survive?

d. Identify at least one reason for the discrepancy between the death rates for males and females.