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mathematics
elementary statistics picturing

Questions and Answers of Elementary Statistics Picturing

Why would it not make sense to use the data in a test for a linear correlation between heights from 1877 and current heights? Heights of Males. Listed below are randomly selected heights (in inches)
r = 0.744 (x = movie budget, y = movie gross)Use the value of the linear correlation coefficient r to find the coefficient of determination and the percentage of the total variation that can be
Identify the following: a. The P-value corresponding to the overall significance of the multiple regression equation b. The value of the multiple coefficient of determination R2 c. The adjusted value
A sample of eight mother daughter pairs of subjects was obtained, and their heights (in inches) were measured. The linear correlation coefficient is 0.693 and the regression equation is y = 69.0 -
The table lists the distance d (in ft) above the ground for an object dropped in a vacuum from a height of 500 ft. The time t (in sec) is the time after the object has been released. Construct a
The heights (in inches) and pulse rates (in beats per minute) for a sample of 40 women were measured. Using STATDISK with the paired height/pulse data, the linear correlation coefficient is found to
a. What is the difference between a statistic and a parameter?b. What is a simple random sample?c. What is a voluntary response sample , and why are such samples generally unsuitable for using
r = - 0.865 (x = car weight, y = city fuel consumption in mi gal)Use the value of the linear correlation coefficient r to find the coefficient of determination and the percentage of the total
Should the multiple regression equation be used for predicting the amount of nicotine based on the amounts of tar and CO? Why or why not? Refer to the Minitab display and answer the given questions
A sample of 40 women is obtained, and their heights (in inches) and pulse rates (in beats per minute) are measured. The linear correlation coefficient is 0.202 and the equation of the regression line
Heights (in inches) and weights (in pounds) are obtained from a random sample of nine supermodels (Alves, Avermann, Hilton, Dyer, Turlington, Hall, Campbell, Mazza, and Hume). The linear correlation
The table lists the cost y (in dollars) of purchasing a volume of topsoil, where the volume of topsoil is a cube with each side having a length of x ft. Construct a scatterplot and identify the
Body mass index measurements of adults are normally distributed with a mean of 26 and a standard deviation of 5 (based on Data Set 1 in Appendix B). Is a body mass index of 40 an outlier? Why or why
Use the information provided in the display to determine the value of the linear correlation coefficient. (Caution: Be careful to correctly identify the sign of the correlation coefficient.) Given
If only one predictor (x) variable is used to predict the selling price of a home, which single variable is best? Why? Refer to the accompanying table, which was obtained using data from homes sold
According to a study conducted by Dr. P. Sorita Soni at Indiana University, 12% of the population have green eyes. If four people are randomly selected for a study of eye pigmentation, find the
What percentage of the total variation in highway fuel consumption can be explained by the linear correlation between weight and highway fuel consumption? Refer to the Minitab display obtained by
If exactly two predictor (x) variables are to be used to predict the selling price of a home, which two variables should be chosen? Why? Refer to the accompanying table, which was obtained using data
Refer to the Minitab-generated scatterplot given in Exercise 11 of Section 10-2. a. Using the pairs of values for all 10 points, find the equation of the regression line. b. After removing the point
Listed below are the numbers of Florida manatee deaths resulting from encounters with watercraft for each year beginning with 1980 (based on data from Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation). Is the
If a car weighs 4000 lb, what is the single value that is the best predicted amount of highway fuel consumption? (Assume that there is a linear correlation between weight and highway fuel
Which regression equation is best for predicting the selling price? Why? Refer to the accompanying table, which was obtained using data from homes sold (from Data Set 23 in Appendix B). The response
Refer to the Minitab-generated scatterplot given in Exercise 12 of Section 10-2. a. Using the pairs of values for all 8 points, find the equation of the regression line. b. Using only the pairs of
Listed below are the numbers of Florida manatee deaths resulting from natural causes for each year beginning with 1980 (based on data from Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation). Is the best model a
A home is for sale with a list price of $400,000, it has a living area of 3000 square feet, and it is on a 2 acre lot. What is the best predicted value of the selling price? Is that predicted selling
Find the best predicted cost of a slice of pizza when the Consumer Price Index (CPI) is 182.5 (in the year 2000). In each case, find the regression equation, letting the first variable be the
The Consumer Price Index (CPI) and the cost of a slice of pizza from Table 10-1 in the Chapter Problem are listed below. Find the (a) explained variation, (b) unexplained variation, (c) total
The paired values of the Consumer Price Index (CPI) and the cost of a slice of pizza from Table 10-1 in the Chapter Problem are listed below. Is there a linear correlation between the CPI and the
An experiment in a physics class involves dropping a golf ball and recording the distance (in m) it falls for different times (in sec) after it was released. The data are given in the table below.
Find the best predicted cost of subway fare when the Consumer Price Index (CPI) is 182.5 (in the year 2000). In each case, find the regression equation, letting the first variable be the predictor
Listed below in order by row are the annual high values of the Dow Jones Industrial Average for each year beginning with 1980. What is the best predicted value for the year 2006? Given that the
The paired values of the Consumer Price Index (CPI) and the cost of subway fare from Table 10-1 in the Chapter Problem are listed below. Is there a linear correlation between the CPI and subway
The Consumer Price Index (CPI) and the cost of subway fare from Table 10-1 in the Chapter Problem are listed below. Find the (a) explained variation, (b) unexplained variation, (c) total variation,
Refer to Data Set 9 in Appendix B and find the best regression equation with movie gross amount (in millions of dollars) as the response (y) variable. Ignore the MPAA ratings. Why is this equation
Listed below are the global mean temperatures (in degrees °C) of the earth’s surface for the years 1950, 1955, 1960, 1965, 1970, 1975, 1980, 1985, 1990, 1995, 2000, and 2005. Find the predicted
Refer to Data Set 16 in Appendix B and find the best regression equation with highway fuel consumption (in mi gal) as the response (y) variable. Because the car?s weight, length, and engine
Find the best predicted height of runner-up Goldwater, given that the height of the winning presidential candidate Johnson is 75 in. Is the predicted height of Goldwater close to his actual height of
Listed below are concentrations of carbon dioxide (in parts per million) in the earth’s atmosphere for the years 1950, 1955, 1960, 1965, 1970, 1975, 1980, 1985, 1990, 1995, 2000, and 2005. Find the
Theories have been developed about the heights of winning candidates for the U.S. presidency and the heights of candidates who were runners-up. Listed below are heights (in inches) from recent
Listed below are concentrations (in parts per million) of CO2 and temperatures (in ?C) for different years (based on data from the Earth Policy Institute). Find the (a) explained variation, (b)
Refer to Data Set 15 in Appendix B and determine the best regression equation that expresses the response variable (y) of time interval after an eruption in terms of one or more of the variables of
If the coefficient has a nonzero value, then it is helpful in predicting the value of the response variable. If it is not helpful in predicting the value of the response variable and can be
As of this writing, the U.S. Bureau of the Census used its own model to predict a population of 420 million for the United States in 2050. Use the data in Table 10-9 on page 571 to find the value of
Listed below are sizes (in thousands of square feet) and revenue (in millions of dollars) from casinos in Atlantic City (based on data from the New York Times). Is there sufficient evidence to
Find the best predicted cost of a ticket purchased one day in advance, given that the cost of the ticket is $300 if purchased 30 days in advance of the flight. In each case, find the regression
Listed below are costs (in dollars) of air fares for different airlines from New York City (JFK) to San Francisco. The costs are based on tickets purchased 30 days in advance and one day in advance,
The Metro-North Station of Greenwich, CT has 2804 commuters. Find the best predicted number of parking spots at that station. Is the predicted value close to the actual value of 1274? In each case,
Listed below are statistics from seven baseball teams. The statistics consist of the proportions of wins and the result of this difference: Difference = (number of runs scored) - (number of runs
Listed below are baseball team statistics consisting of the proportions of wins and the result of this difference: Difference = (number of runs scored) - (number of runs allowed). The statistics are
Listed below are prices (in dollars) and quality rating scores of rear-projection televisions (based on data from Consumer Reports). All of the televisions have screen sizes of 55 in. or 56 in. Is
Find the best predicted quality score of a Hitachi television with a price of $1900. Is the predicted quality score close to the actual quality score of 56? In each case, find the regression
Listed below are the numbers of commuters and the numbers of parking spaces at different Metro-North railroad stations (based on data from Metro-North). Is there a linear correlation between the
Find the best predicted new mileage rating of a Jeep Grand Cherokee given that the old rating is 19 mi gal. Is the predicted value close to the actual value of 17 mi/gal? In each case, find the
Find the best predicted temperature for a recent year in which the concentration (in parts per million) of CO2 is 370.9. Is the predicted temperature close to the actual temperature of 14.5?
Concerns about global warming have led to studies of the relationship between global temperature and the concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2). Listed below are concentrations (in parts per million)
Example 3 in this section illustrated the procedure for finding a prediction interval for an individual value of y. When using a specific value x0 for predicting the mean of all values of y, the
Find the best predicted IQ score of someone with a brain size of 1275 cm3. In each case, find the regression equation, letting the first variable be the predictor (x) variable. Find the indicated
Listed below are brain sizes (in cm3) and Wechsler IQ scores of subjects (based on data from StatLib and ?Brain Size, Head Size, and Intelligence Quotient in Monozygotic Twins,? by Tramo, et al.,
Find the best predicted age of the Best Actor at the time that the age of the Best Actress is 75 years. In each case, find the regression equation, letting the first variable be the predictor (x)
Listed below are ages of actresses and actors at the times that they won Oscars. Corresponding ages are matched so that they are from the same year. Is there sufficient evidence to conclude that
Refer to Data Set 9 in Appendix B and use the paired data consisting of movie budget amounts and the amounts that the movies grossed. Find the best predicted amount that a movie will gross if its
Refer to Data Set 9 in Appendix B and use the paired data consisting of movie budget amounts and the amounts that the movies grossed. Use the data from Appendix B to construct a scatterplot, find the
Refer to Data Set 16 in Appendix B and use the weights of cars and the corresponding braking distances. Find the best predicted braking distance for a car that weighs 4000 lb. Data Set 16: Cars The
Refer to Data Set 16 in Appendix B and use the weights of cars and the corresponding braking distances. Use the data from Appendix B to construct a scatterplot, find the value of the linear
Refer to Data Set 4 in Appendix B and use the tar and nicotine data from king size cigarettes. Find the best predicted amount of nicotine in a king size cigarette with 10 mg of tar. Use the same
Refer to Data Set 4 in Appendix B and use the tar and nicotine data from king size cigarettes. Use the data from Appendix B to construct a scatterplot, find the value of the linear correlation
Refer to Data Set 8 in Appendix B and use the word counts measured for men and women from the couples listed in the first two columns of Data Set 8. Find the best predicted word count of a woman
According to the least-squares property, the regression line minimizes the sum of the squares of the residuals. Refer to Data Set 1 in Appendix B and use the paired data consisting of the first six
Given: The linear correlation coefficient for the IQ test scores and head circumferences of test subjects is very close to 0.Conclusion: IQ scores and head circumferences are not related in any
Given: There is a linear correlation between the number of cigarettes smoked each day and the pulse rate, so that more smoking is associated with a higher pulse rate.Conclusion: Smoking causes an
Results of a test of the Salk vaccine against polio are summarized in the table below. If we test the claim that getting paralytic polio is independent of whether the child was treated with the Salk
The table below summarizes results from a study in which 186 students in an introductory statistics course were each given algebra problems in two different formats: a symbolic format and a verbal
When generating random digits as in Exercise 1, we can test the generated digits for goodness-of-fit with the distribution in which all of the digits are equally likely. What does an exceptionally
The author purchased a slot machine (Bally Model 809), and tested it by playing it 1197 times. There are 10 different categories of outcome, including no win, win jackpot, win with three bells, and
How many subjects changed their smoking status after the treatment? Refer to the following table. The table summarizes results from an experiment in which subjects were first classified as smokers or
When considering effects from eliminating the penny as a unit of currency in the United States, the author randomly selected the amounts from 100 credit card purchases and recorded the cents portions
Using the appropriate frequencies, find the value of the test statistic. Refer to the following table. The table summarizes results from an experiment in which subjects were first classified as
Refer to Data Set 21 in Appendix B for the axial loads (in pounds) of the aluminum cans that are 0.0109 in. thick. a. Enter the observed frequencies in the above table. b. Assuming a normal
Listed below are amounts of carbon monoxide (mg per cigarette) in samples of king size cigarettes, 100 mm menthol cigarettes, and 100 mm nonmenthol cigarettes (from Data Set 4 in Appendix B). The
Assume that head injury measurements are not affected by an interaction between type of car (foreign, domestic) and size of car (small, medium, large). Is there sufficient evidence to support the
Data Set 13 in Appendix B lists voltage amounts measured from electricity supplied directly to the author?s home, an independent Generac generator (model PP 5000), and an uninterruptible power supply
Listed below are head injury data from crash test dummies used in the same cars from the Chapter Problem. These measurements are in hic, which denotes a standard head injury criterion. Use a 0.05
The following table lists measured cholesterol levels from Data Set 1 in Appendix B. Are cholesterol levels affected by an interaction between sex and age? Are cholesterol levels affected by sex? Are
This section included a display of the Bonferroni test results from Table 12-1 included with the Chapter Problem. Shown here is the SPSS-generated display of results from the Tukey test using the
Are the two samples in?Exercise 1 independent or dependent? Explain. Data from Exercise 1 Listed below are randomly selected values from STATDISK and the TI-83 84 Plus calculator. Both samples are
Refer to the sample data in Exercise 1.a. Given that each sample was generated from a uniform distribution of whole ?numbers between 1 and 1000, what is the median of each population?b. Suppose the
Refer to the paired sample data given in?Exercise 2. In that context, what is the difference between rs and ?s? Why is the subscript s used? Does the subscript s represent the same standard deviation
A simple random sample of 50 adults (including males and females) is obtained, and each person’s red blood cell count (in cells per microliter) is measured. The sample mean is 4.63. The population
Margin of error: 0.045; confidence level: 95%; p and q unknownUse the given data to find the minimum sample size required to estimate a population proportion or percentage.
The Genetics and IVF Institute conducted a clinical trial of the YSORT method designed to increase the probability of conceiving a boy. As of this writing, 152 babies were born to parents using the
When the clinical trial of the XSORT method of gender selection is completed, a formal hypothesis test will be conducted with the alternative hypothesis of p > 0.5, which corresponds to the claim
The U.S. Mint has a specification that pennies have a mean weight of 2.5 g. Assume that weights of pennies have a standard deviation of 0.0165 g and use the accompanying Minitab display to test the
Claim about FICO credit scores of adults: μ = 678. Sample data: n = 12, x = 719, s = 92. The sample data appear to come from a population with a distribution that is not normal, and σ is
Find the test statistic and critical value(s). Also, use Table A-4 to find limits containing the P-value, then determine whether there is sufficient evidence to support the given alternative
In an analysis investigating the usefulness of pennies, the cents portions of 100 randomly selected credit card charges are recorded. The sample has a mean of 47.6 cents and a standard deviation of
The claim is that the proportion of peas with yellow pods is equal to 0.25 (or 25%). The sample statistics from one of Mendel?s experiments include 580 peas with 152 of them having yellow pods. Find
Original claim: The percentage of blue M&Ms is greater than 5%.Initial conclusion: Fail to reject the null hypothesis.State the final conclusion in simple nontechnical terms. Be sure to address
Repeat Exercise 36 using the exact method with the binomial distribution, as described in Part 2 of this section. Repeat Exercise According to the Information Please almanac, the percentage of movies
Original claim: The percentage of on-time U.S. airline flights is less than 75%.Initial conclusion: Reject the null hypothesis.State the final conclusion in simple nontechnical terms. Be sure to
In a simple random sample of 50 plain M&M candies, it is found that none of them are blue. We want to use a 0.01 significance level to test the claim of Mars, Inc., that the proportion of M&M

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