A hydraulic jump is a rather sudden change in depth of a liquid layer as it flows in an open channel as shown in Fig. P4.37 and Video V10.12. In a relatively short distance (thickness \(=\ell\) ) the liquid depth changes from \(z_{1}\) to \(z_{2}\), with a corresponding change in velocity from \(V_{1}\) to \(V_{2}\). If \(V_{1}=1.20 \mathrm{ft} / \mathrm{s}, V_{2}=0.30 \mathrm{ft} / \mathrm{s}\), and \(\ell=0.02 \mathrm{ft}\), estimate the average deceleration of the liquid as it flows across the hydraulic jump. How many \(g\) 's deceleration does this represent?

Figure P4.37

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21 V Hydraulic jump 22