Water flows out of a reservoir, through a penstock, and then through a turbine. Calculate the total head loss in units of meters. The mean velocity is 5.3 m/s. The friction factor is 0.02. The total penstock length is 30 m and the diameter is 0.3 m. There are three minor loss coefficients: 0.5 for the penstock entrance, 0.5 for the bends in the penstock, and 1.0 for the exit. Choose the closest answer (m): 

(a) 1.2, 

(b) 2.8, 

(c) 3.8, 

(d) 4.8, 

(e) 5.7.

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K values El. 75 m Entrance: 0.5 Bends: 0.5 Penstock Exit: 1.0 L = 30 m D= 0.3 m f= 0.02 V= 5.3 m/s T El. 30 m