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engineering
introduction mechanical engineering

Questions and Answers of Introduction Mechanical Engineering

A four cylinder, four stroke diesel engine runs at \(4500 \mathrm{rpm}\). The dead load on rope brake dynamometer is \(200 \mathrm{~N}\) and spring balance reading is \(22 \mathrm{~N}\). The mean
Following data relate to an oil engine working on Otto cycle :Compression ratio \(=6 ;\) B.P. \(=14.8 \mathrm{~kW}\); Suction pressure \(=1\) bar and temp. \(=27^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\); Relative
A gasoline engine consumes 8 litres of fuel per hr. having specific gravity of 0.75 while it develops \(25 \mathrm{~kW}\) power. If the C.V. of fuel used is \(44200 \mathrm{~kJ} / \mathrm{kg}\),
A four cylinder, four stroke cycle petrol engine develops \(40 \mathrm{~kW}\) at \(2500 \mathrm{rpm}\). The mean effective pressure is \(0.8 \mathrm{MPa}\) and mechanical efficiency is \(80 \%\).
A six cylinder, four stroke petrol engine has the following data:bore \(=8 \mathrm{~cm}\), stroke \(=10 \mathrm{~cm}\), clearance volume \(=70\) c.c., speed \(=4000 \mathrm{rpm}\), consumption \(=20
A single cylinder, four stroke C.I. engine has the following data :bore \(=10 \mathrm{~cm} ;\) stroke \(=11 \mathrm{~cm}\), brake torque \(=28 \mathrm{Nm}\), speed \(=1600 \mathrm{rpm} ;\) i.m.e.p.
Following results refer to a test on petrol engine :I.P. \(=32 \mathrm{~kW} ;\) B.P. \(=27 \mathrm{~kW} ;\) speed \(=1200 \mathrm{rpm}\) b.s.f.c. \(=0.25 \mathrm{~kg} / \mathrm{kWh} ;\)C.V. of fuel
A six cylinder four stroke I.C. engine is to develop \(100 \mathrm{~kW}\) IP at \(800 \mathrm{rpm}\). The stroke to bore ratio is 1.25 . Assuming mechanical efficiency of \(80 \%\) and brake mean
A six cylinder four stroke petrol engine develops \(300 \mathrm{~kW}\) (BP) at \(2500 \mathrm{rpm}\). The stroke to bore ratio is 1.25. The mean effective pressure on each piston is 9 bar and
During a trial on single cylinder four stroke IC engine, the following observations were taken : Mean effective pressure \(=4\) bar, speed \(=200\) RPM, Brake power \(=7.5 \mathrm{~kW}, \mathrm{~L} /
Following data refers to a test on a petrol engine. Indicated power \(=30 \mathrm{~kW}\), Brake power \(=26\) \(\mathrm{kW}\), Engine speed \(=1800 \mathrm{RPM}\), Brake specific fuel consumption
Give reasons for the following:(i) I.C. Engine cylinders are required to be cooled.(ii) Carburettor and spark plug are provided on petrol engines.The indicated power of a four stroke cycle petrol
A 6 cylinder four stroke cycle petrol engine develops \(300 \mathrm{~kW}\) bp at 2500 r.p.m. The stroke to bore ratio is 1.25. Assuming the mechanical efficiency of \(80 \%\) and mean effective
An engine is used on a job requiring \(110 \mathrm{~kW}\) BP. The mechanical efficiency of the engine is \(80 \%\) and engine consumes \(50 \mathrm{~kg} / \mathrm{hr}\) of fuel. A design improvement
A four cylinder, four stroke petrol engine has the swept volume of 1750 c.c. It develops \(27 \mathrm{~kW}\) at \(1000 \mathrm{rpm}\). Mean effective pressure is \(5 \mathrm{bar}\). Find the average
A four cylinder two stroke petrol engine with stroke to bore ratio of 1.2. develops \(32 \mathrm{~kW}\) bp at 2500 r.p.m. The mean effective pressure on each piston is 8 bar and the mechanical
A four stroke petrol engine has a stroke volume of 5.7 litres. Its mean effective pressure is 600 \(\mathrm{kN} / \mathrm{m}^{2}\) and r.p.m. is 800 . Find the indicated power of the engine.
A four cylinder, four stroke petrol engine is to be design to give brake power of \(185 \mathrm{~kW}\) at 35 RPS. The stroke bore ratio is to be 1.5. Assuming mechanical efficiency of \(75 \%\) and
An oil engine work on diesel cycle with temperature of \(27^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) at the beginning of compression. If the ratio of adiabatic expansion is 8 , find the thermal efficiency of cycle.
Calculate the ideal efficiency of Otto cycle engine from the following data: Cylinder diameter \(=100 \mathrm{~mm}\), Length of stroke \(=150 \mathrm{~mm}\) clearance volume \(=250
In an ideal diesel cycle the temperature at the beginning and end of compression are \(57^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) and \(603^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) respectively. The temperature at the beginning and end of
A petrol engine with a stroke length of \(200 \mathrm{~mm}\) and diameter of \(150 \mathrm{~mm}\) has a clearance volume of \(5 \times 10^{3} \mathrm{~mm}^{3}\). The indicated thermal efficiency of
(i) Describe the construction and working of a spark plug. Where it is used ? Why?(ii) An engine working on Otto cycle, air has a pressure of \(1 \mathrm{bar}\) and temperature of \(27^{\circ}
The engine is working on ideal Otto cycle. The temperature at the beginning and at the end of compression is \(60^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) and \(400^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\). Calculate the air standard
The following data is available for an engine working on ideal Otto cycle Temperature at the beginning of compression \(=50^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\). Temperature at the end of compressor \(=373^{\circ}
The following data is available for a four stroke petrol engine stroke volume \(=6\) Litres. Mean effective pressure \(=6\) bar. Speed of engine \(=750\) RPM. Calculate i.p. of the engine.
A six cylinder four stroke I.C. Engine is to develop \(100 \mathrm{~kW}\) i.p. at 800 RPM. The stroke to bare ratio is 1.25. Assuming Mechanical efficiency of \(80 \%\) and break mean effective
A4-stroke, 4-cylinder, single acting spark ignition petrol engine develops \(20 \mathrm{~kW}\) brake power at \(3000 \mathrm{rpm}\). The following data are given :Bore \(=65 \mathrm{~mm}\), Stroke
A six-cylinder, four-stroke petrol engine develops \(40 \mathrm{~kW}\) when running at \(3000 \mathrm{rpm}\). The volumetric efficiency at NTP is \(85 \%\). Indicated thermal efficiency is \(25 \%\).
A single cylinder, four-stroke cycle oil engine works on diesel cycle. The following readings were taken when the engine was running at full load :Calculate (a) FP of engine, (b) mechanical
The following readings were taken during a test on a single-cylinder, four-stroke gas engine :Calculate (a) IP, (b) BP, (c) BSFC, (d) brake thermal efficiency, and (e) relative efficiency. Speed of
A 6-cylinder, 4-stroke, single acting petrol engine develops \(50 \mathrm{~kW}\) brake power at \(4200 \mathrm{rpm}\) and brake thermal efficiency is \(22 \%\). The temperature and pressure at the
Which of the following are boiler mountings ?(a) Economiser (b) Fusible plug (c) Super heater (d) Injector
Which out of the following boiler is capable of generating superheated steam without additional accessories ?(a) Cochran (b) Lancashire (c) Locomotive (d) Cornish
The economiser of the boiler plant is used mainly to(a) increase steam capacity (b) reduce fuel consumption(c) increase steam pressure (d) increase life of the boiler
Injector is used in small boilers(a) to inject steam to increase its capacity(b) to inject water like a feed pump(c) to inject air to the furnace(d) none of the above
Consider the following 1. Safety valve 2. Steam trap 3. Steam separator 4. Economiser Among these the boiler accessories would include(a) l, 2 and 3 (b) 2, 3 and 4 (c) l and 4 (d) l, 2, 3 and 4
Match List I and List II and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists List I (Type of boiler) A. Babcock and Wilcox B. Lancashire C. La-mont D. Cochran List II (Classification
The blow down cock is fitted in a boiler because of(a) allowing steam to flow to turbine(b) allowing exhaust gases to go to chimney(c) removing sludge from the boiler (d) blowing air in the furnace
Duplex feed pumps used in the steam boilers operate on the principle of(a) centrifugal pump (b) reciprocating pump(c) ejector pump (d) gear pump
Which boilers from the following utilizer the exhaust of the engine for increasing the draught?(a) Babcock and wilcox (b) Cochran(c) Locomotive (d) Lancashire
Once through boiler is named as such because(a) flue gas passes only in one direction (b) there is no recirculation of water(c) air is sent through the same direction (d) steam is sent out only in
The gusset stays is provided in a boiler because(a) of preventing failure due to compression(b) of preventing leakage of steam(c) of preventing the bulging of flat surfaces(d) of providing support to
The function of the fusible plug in a boiler is(a) to prevent excessive pressure in the boiler(b) to extinguish fire in case when water level is low(c) to prevent excessive airflow(d) to prevent
Glass tube water level indicator of boilers are connected in the following manner(a) Both ends are connected to water space(b) One end is connected to water space and the other end is connected to
The high steam and low water safety valve is not suitable for the following type of boiler(a) Cochran (b) Lankashire (c) Locomotive (d) Cornish
The function of a steam trap in a boiler plant is(a) to prevent steam from leaking out from steam pipe(b) to prevent steam from leaking out from stop valve(c) to prevent steam from leaking out from
Match List I (Components) with list II (Functions) and select the correct answer using the codes given below the Lists: List I A. Steam trap B. Fusible plug C. Blow-off cock D. Feed check valve List
The cross section of the water passage in an injector adjacent to feed check valve is(a) divergent towards boiler (b) convergent towards boiler(c) parallel passage (d) none of the above
In a Babcock and Wilcox boiler, baffles are provided in between the water tubes to(a) regulate the water flow(b) regulate the steam flow(c) allow the flue gas to have better contact with water
The size of the steam drum in a Babcock and Wilcox boiler can be made small because(a) it contains only few water tubes(b) it contains only superheater tube(c) it does not contain any water tube(d)
Consider the following statements :1. Forced circulation is always used in high pressure power boilers.2. Soot blowers are used for cleaning tube surfaces at regular intervals.3. Electrostatic
Once-through boilers operate at(a) subcritical pressure(b) super critical pressure(c) subcritical as well as super critical pressures(d) critical pressure only
Water after being pumped into a boiler can not come out because of(a) steam stop valve (b) feed check valve(c) safety valve (d) blow off valve
Which of the following is an accessory.(a) Safety valve (b) Feed check valve(c) Feed water pump (d) Stop valve
In Green’s Economiser the tubes are scraped(a) for the removal of scales formed due to water passage(b) for the removal of soot collected on the tubes(c) for increasing the circulation of water
The correct location of an economiser is(a) between the furnace and preheater(b) between the air preheater and chimney(c) between force draught fan and furnace(d) near the superheater
The normal working pressure range for Cornish boiler as compared to that of Lancashire boiler is(a) same (b) high (c) low (d) none of this
The following mountings are fitted on the drum of a Babcock and Wilcox boiler(a) Safety valve, Pressure gauge, Feed check valve but not the Water valve(b) Safety valve, Pressure gauge, Water gauge
Which of the following is a fire tube boiler(a) Lancashire (b) Locomotive (c) Cochran (d) All of these
Which of the following form part(s) of the boiler mountings?1. Economiser 2. Feed check valve 3. Steam trap 4. Superheater Select the correct answer using the codes given below :Codes :(a) 2 alone
The fitting mounted on the boiler whose function is to put off the fire in the furnace, when level of water falls to an unsafe limit is called(a) Safety valve (b) Stop valve (c) Fusible plug (d)
The fitting mounted on the boiler whose function is to prevent the steam pressure in a boiler exceeding a fixed maximum pressure is called(a) Safety valve (b) Stop valve (c) Fusible plug (d) Blowoff
The exact level of water in the boiler is indicated by(a) Water level indicator (b) Feed check valve(c) Blow off cock (d) Stop valve
Define equivalent evaporation and factor of evaporation.
Define boiler efficiency.
What are the purposes of carrying out boiler trial ?
Differentiate between a boiler and a steam generator.
State the primary requirements of a steam generator.
Distinguish between water tube and fire tube boilers.
Explain the difference between mountings and accessories.
What is the function of air preheater ?
What is an economiser ? What are its advantages ?
The following data is available from a boiler trial :Duration \(=1\) hour, steam generated \(=36000 \mathrm{~kg}\), steam pressure \(=12.5 \mathrm{bar}\), steam temperature \(=250^{\circ}
A boiler generates \(850 \mathrm{~kg}\) of steam per hour at a pressure of \(10 \mathrm{bar}\) and \(50^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) superheat. It burns \(100 \mathrm{~kg} / \mathrm{h}\) of coal of calorific
A boiler supplies \(5000 \mathrm{~kg}\) of steam at 7 bar pressure and 0.98 dry. The feed water temperature is \(40^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) when using \(650 \mathrm{~kg} / \mathrm{h}\) of coal. The
In a boiler trial, the following data is available :Calculate (a) equivalent evaporation from and at \(100^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\), and(b) boiler efficiency.Take \(c_{p w}=4.187 \mathrm{~kJ} /
Steam is generated at 12 bar and \(250^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\). The feed water temperature is \(30^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\). The calorific value of coal is \(34 \mathrm{MJ} / \mathrm{kg}\). Steam generated
A boiler generates \(4000 \mathrm{~kg} / \mathrm{h}\) of steam at \(20 \mathrm{bar}, 400^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\). The feed water temperature is \(50^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\). The efficiency of the boiler is
The following data was obtained during trial of a water tube boiler.Calculate (a) the efficiency of boiler plant including superheat, and (b) the efficiency of boiler and furnace combined. Steam
A boiler plant supplies \(5400 \mathrm{~kg}\) of steam per hour at 7.6 bar pressure. The dryness of steam is 0.98 . The feed water temperature is \(42^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) when using \(670
In a boiler test, \(1300 \mathrm{~kg}\) of coal are consumed in 24 hours. The mass of water evaporated is \(13000 \mathrm{~kg}\). Steam pressure is 7 bar. The feed water temperature entering the
The following data was obtained in a boiler trial :Calculate : (a) Boiler efficiency (b) Equivalent evaporation from and at \(100^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\). Use the following table : Feed water used Feed
The superheated steam is generated from the boiler operation at 12 bar pressure. Steam generated \(/ \mathrm{kg}\) of coal burnt is \(10 \mathrm{~kg}\). Coal burnt \(=300 \mathrm{~kg} / \mathrm{h}\).
A boiler produces \(1200 \mathrm{~kg}\) of steam \(/ \mathrm{h}\) at a pressure of \(10 \mathrm{bar}\) and temperature of \(200^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\). Coal consumed during same period is \(150
The following observations were taken during a test on a boiler trial.Calculate (a) Equivalent evaporation from and at \((F \& A) 100^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\).(b) Boiler efficiency. Amount of coal
In a thermal power plant, the boiler produces \(50,000 \mathrm{~kg}\) of wet steam per hour with dryness fraction of 0.95. The feed water temperature is \(40^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\). Calculate the
A steam generator evaporates \(18000 \mathrm{~kg} / \mathrm{h}\) of steam at 12 bar pressure and steam is \(97 \%\) dry. Feed water temperature \(=105^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\). Coal is fired at the rate
A boiler produces \(1000 \mathrm{~kg}\) of steam \(/ \mathrm{h}\) at a pressure of \(10 \mathrm{bar}\) abs. and \(0.95 \mathrm{dry}\) from water at \(40^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\). It is ascertained that
A boiler produces \(2000 \mathrm{~kg}\) of dry saturated steam per hour at 10 bar. The feed water temperature \(=110^{\circ} \mathrm{C} .225 \mathrm{~kg}\) of coal having calorific value of \(30,000
A pressure cooker contains \(2 \mathrm{~kg}\) of steam at 5 bar and \(0.9 \mathrm{dry}\). Find the quantity of heat that must be rejected so that the quality of steam becomes 0.5 dry.
5 kg of steam at \(200 \mathrm{kPa}\) occupies a volume of (a) \(2.50 \mathrm{~m}^{3}\), and (b) \(5.00 \mathrm{~m}^{3}\). Determine the temperature in each case and the quality of steam.
A vessel of volume \(0.05 \mathrm{~m}^{3}\) contains a mixture of saturated water and saturated steam at a temperature of \(300^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\). The mass of liquid present is \(10
The pressure of steam in a condenser is 0.15 bar and the dryness fraction is 0.87. Calculate the amount of heat that must be removed from steam in order to condense (a) \(1 \mathrm{~kg}\) of steam,
5000 kg/h of steam enters a surface condenser at \(0.08 \mathrm{bar} .250\) kilolitres/ \(/ \mathrm{h}\) of cooling water is passed through the tubes and its temperature rises from \(25^{\circ}
2 kg of steam at \(15 \mathrm{bar}, 300^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) undergoes a constant pressure process to give wet steam of \(65 \%\) of quality. Calculate (a) the work done, (b) change in enthalpy, and
A cylinder piston assembly contains \(2.5 \mathrm{~kg}\) of water inside it at a temperature of \(25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\). The cylinder is well insulated and its area of cross-section is \(0.45
A house hold pressure cooker contains \(2 \mathrm{~kg}\) of dry and saturated steam at 4 bar while in operation. Calculate the quantity of heat that must be rejected so that steam becomes wet with 65
A sealed and evacuated drum of volume \(0.25 \mathrm{~m}^{3}\) contains saturated water at \(70^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\). It is heated till the pressure and temperature of steam becomes 14 bar and
A spherical vessel of \(1 \mathrm{~m}^{3}\) capacity contains steam at 10 bar and 0.95 dry. Steam is blown off until the pressure drops to 5 bar. The valve is then closed and the steam is allowed to

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