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engineering
introduction to matlab
Questions and Answers of
Introduction to MATLAB
Lefties and music In an experiment to see if left- and right-handed people have different abilities in music, subjects heard a tone and were then asked to identify which of several other tones
Cesareans Some people fear that differences in insurance coverage can affect health care decisions. A survey of several randomly selected hospitals found that 16.6% of 223 recent births in Vermont
Residual, leverage, influence, 2 For each of the following cases, would your primary concern about them be that they had a large residual, large leverage, or likely large influence on the regression
Beanstalks In some cities tall people who want to meet and socialize with other tall people can join Beanstalk Clubs. To qualify, a man must be over 6′2″ tall, and a woman over 5′10″.
Iliad injuries 800 BCE Homer’s Iliad is an epic poem, compiled around 800 BCE, that describes several weeks of the last year of the 10-year siege of Troy (Ilion) by the Achaeans. The story centers
O-rings Failures of O-rings on the space shuttle are fairly rare, but often disastrous, events. If we are testing O-rings, suppose that the probability of a failure of any one O-ring is 0.01. Let X
Revealing information Eight hundred eighty-six randomly sampled teens were asked which of several personal items of information they thought it ok to share with someone they had just met. Forty-four
Birth days During a 2-month period, 72 babies were born at the Tompkins Community Hospital in upstate New York. The table shows how many babies were born on each day of the week.1. If births are
Race and smoking 2015 Data collected in 2015 by the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System revealed that in the state of New Jersey, 27.3% of whites and 47.2% of blacks were cigarette smokers.
Eclampsia It’s estimated that 50,000 pregnant women worldwide die each year of eclampsia, a condition involving elevated blood pressure and seizures. A research team from 175 hospitals in 33
Cholesterol and gender Are men or women at higher risk for having high cholesterol? The answer may surprise you. Use the data in Framingham.1. Make boxplots comparing the cholesterol levels of men
Herbal cancer A report in the New England Journal of Medicine notes growing evidence that the herb Aristolochia fangchi can cause urinary tract cancer in those who take it. Suppose you are asked to
Surgery and germs Joseph Lister (for whom Listerine is named!) was a British physician who was interested in the role of bacteria in human infections. He suspected that germs were involved in
Mazes and smells Can pleasant smells improve learning? Researchers timed 21 subjects as they tried to complete paper-and-pencil mazes. Each subject attempted a maze both with and without the presence
Free throws 2017 At the middle of the 2016–2017 NBA season, James Hardin led the league by making 468 of 544 free throws, for a success rate of 86%. But Russell Westbook was close behind with 425
Twins There is some indication in medical literature that doctors may have become more aggressive in inducing labor or doing preterm cesarean sections when a woman is carrying twins. Records at a
Pottery Archaeologists can use the chemical composition of clay found in pottery artifacts to determine whether different sites were populated by the same ancient people. They collected five samples
Eclampsia deaths Refer again to the research summarized in Exercise R6.6. Is there any evidence that when eclampsia does occur, the magnesium sulfide treatment may help prevent the woman’s death?1.
Perfect pitch A recent study of perfect pitch tested 2700 students in American music conservatories. It found that 7% of non-Asian and 32% of Asian students have perfect pitch. A test of the
More errors A corporation with a fleet of vehicles wanted to test the cost-effectiveness of using Motor Silk oil additive. For the study, 6100 delivery and passenger vehicles were tested for the same
Crawling A study found that babies born at different times of the year may develop the ability to crawl at different ages. The authors of the study suggested that these differences may be related to
Seat belts 2015 The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration reported seat belt use and fatalities in car accidents. (Seat belt use in 2015–use rates in the states and territories. Report no.
Fisher’s irises In 1936 Sir Ronald Fisher presented data on irises as the example in a famous statistics paper. Ever since, “Fisher’s Iris data” have been a feature of statistics texts. We
Grant writing Does race matter when applying for National Institutes of Health grants? A study found that of 58,148 applications submitted by white researchers, 15,700 were accepted and funded by the
Feeding fish In the midwestern United States, a large aquaculture industry raises largemouth bass. Researchers wanted to know whether the fish would grow better if fed a natural diet of fathead
Legionnaires’ disease In 1974, the Bellevue-Stratford Hotel in Philadelphia was the scene of an outbreak of what later became known as Legionnaires’ disease. The cause of the disease was finally
Age In a study of how depression may affect one’s ability to survive a heart attack, the researchers reported the ages of the two groups they examined. The mean age of 2397 patients without cardiac
Earnings, predictions Naturally, you would like to know what you are going to earn in the next few years. Explain why a regression model such as the ones we have found won’t do a very good job of
Genetics Two human traits controlled by a single gene are the ability to roll one’s tongue and whether one’s ear lobes are free or attached to the neck. Genetic theory says that people will have
Shoot to score, predictions The coach we’ve been following wants to predict how many goals each of his players will score this season. Explain why a model like the ones we’ve made won’t be very
Wealth redistribution 2015 The following table is based on a Gallup Poll of 1015 U.S. adults on April 9–12, 2015. Respondents were classified as high income (over $75,000), middle income
Eating disorders A study conducted in the multicultural Spanish city of Ceuta investigated the relationship between religion and the prevalence of eating disorders. Students aged 12–20 were
Teach for America Several programs attempt to address the shortage of qualified teachers by placing uncertified instructors in schools with acute needs–often in inner cities. A study compared
Earnings, planning An SAT preparation course wants to advertise based on the analyses we’ve seen that raising your SAT scores will increase your eventual earnings. Is that conclusion supported by
Tableware Nambe Mills manufactures plates, bowls, and other tableware made from an alloy of several metals. Each item must go through several steps, including polishing. To better understand the
Age and party 2016 The Pew Research Center conducted a representative telephone survey in October of 2016. Among the reported results was the following table concerning the preferred political party
Family planning A 1954 study of 1438 pregnant women examined the association between the woman’s education level and the occurrence of unplanned pregnancies, producing these data:Do these data
AP statistics scores 2016 In 2016, about 200,000 statistics students nationwide took the Advanced Placement Examination in statistics. The national distribution of scores and the results at Ithaca
Insulin and diet A study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association examined people to see if they showed any signs of IRS (insulin resistance syndrome) involving major risk factors
Learning math Developers of a new math curriculum called “Accelerated Math” compared performances of students taught by their system with control groups of students in the same schools who were
Embrace or protect? In January 2017, Dalia Research (daliaresearch.com/why-trump-and-clinton-supporters-perceive-immigrants-so-differently/) asked people which statement they indentified more with:1.
Retirement planning According to the 2011 Retirement Confidence Survey, run by the Employee Benefit Research Institute, 37% of men reported being “a lot behind schedule” while 43% of women
Juvenile offenders According to an article in the Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, Charles Borduin pioneered a treatment called Multisystemic Therapy (MST) as a way to prevent serious
Diet Thirteen overweight women volunteered for a study to determine whether eating specially prepared crackers before a meal could help them lose weight. The subjects were randomly assigned to eat
Combining and separating1. In the Burger King items data, use one of the variables to separate the items containing meat from the items that do not contain meat, and analyze those separately.2.
New cases and variables1. Look up additional nutrition information about the BK items and combine a file holding that information with the existing BK data.2. Define the new variable Fat/Carb as the
Residual, leverage, influence For each of the following cases, would your primary concern about them be that they had a large residual, large leverage, or likely large influence on the regression
Climate change 2016 Recent concern with the rise in global temperatures has focused attention on the level of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Significant coefficient? In a regression to predict compensation of employees in a large firm, the predictors in the regression were Years with the Firm, Age, and Years of Experience. The coefficient
Better model? Joe wants to impress his boss. He builds a regression model to predict sales that has 20 predictors and an R2 of 80%. Sally builds a competing model with only 5 predictors, but an R2 of
Mutual fund returns 2017 We have a sample of municipal mutual funds that report their return (%) in the previous 3years and the previous 5 years.1. Create a 95% confidence interval for the difference
Student TV time In the previous chapter we considered TV watching by male and female student athletes. In that example, we categorized the students into four groups, but now we have seen that these
Igf The data set Igf contains measurements on people of various ages. The main variable of interest is the level of insulin-like growth factor (igƒ) (J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 78(3): 744–752,
Cookies A student performed an experiment to compare chocolate chip cookie recipes. He baked batches of cookies with different amounts of Sugar: 0.5, 0.375, and 0.25 cups, and with different kinds of
Polling How accurate are pollsters in predicting the outcomes of Congressional elections? The table shows the actual number of Democrat seats in the House of Representatives and the number predicted
Football A student runs an experiment to test four different grips on his football throwing distance, recording the distance in yards that he can throw the football using each grip. He randomizes the
Speed and density The following data relate traffic Density (measured as number of cars per mile) and the average Speed of traffic (in mph) on city highways. The data were collected at the same
Horses, a bit less wild In an attempt to control the growth of the herds of wild horses, managers sterilized some of the stallions. The variable Sterilized is coded 0 for herds and years in which no
Igf13 The data set Igf13 contains the data from Igf for children under 13 years old. Most of the data was collected from physical examinations in schools.1. Fit a linear regression to igƒ using age
More Igf13 Now consider the variables igƒ and weight in the data set Igf13.1. Fit a regression model. If the data violate any assumptions, find a suitable re-expression of igƒ.2. Add sex to
Golf A student runs an experiment to test four different clubs on her putting accuracy, recording the distance in centimeters from a small target that she places on the green. She randomizes the club
Hospital variables A random sample of 1000 patients was taken from a large medical center database. The six variables included are Sex (M/F), Age (years), Insurance coverage (yes/no), Number of
Lost baggage 2018 The Bureau of Transportation Statistics of the U.S. Department of Transportation reports statistics about airline performance. For September 2018 they report the following number of
What are the advantages and disadvantages of using tree vs. neural network models?
Bowling A student runs an experiment to test how different factors affect her bowling performance. She uses 3 levels for the weight of the ball (low, medium, and high) and 2 approaches (standing and
Which type of study is this?a. A prospective observational study because it followed the maids for four weeks.b. A retrospective observational study because at the end of four weeks, the researcher
Video racing A student runs an experiment to test how different factors affect his reaction time while playing video games. He uses a specified race course with random hazards and times how long it
Resume fraud In 2002 the Veritas Software company found out that its chief financial officer did not actually have the MBA he had listed on his resume. They fired him, and the value of the
Nuclear plants Here are data on 32 light water nuclear power plants. The variables are:. Cost: In $100,000, adjusted to 1976 base.. Date: Date that construction permit was issued in years after 1900.
Paper planes In preparation for a regional paper airplane competition, a student tried out her latest design. The distances her plane traveled (in feet) in 11 trial flights are given here. (The world
Here are summary statistics on X hits for each of the 64 female archers in the 2008 Olympics:1. Construct a confidence interval for the proportion of arrows that hit the X circle. Write out your
Inference Methods For each of the following descriptions, select the letter of the inference method you would use. (It is possible for a method to be used more than once or not at
In the final round of competition, archers shoot only 12 arrows. Is it likely that an Olympic archer may make no X shots at all? Explain your reasoning. For seeding purposes (that is, to set up the
Olympic medals. Over the course of the modern Olympics, France, Italy, and Great Britain have participated in roughly the same number of Olympic games. But is the distribution of their medals the
Although Zhang Juanjuan won the gold medal in 2008, she did not perform extraordinarily well in the seeding round. How consistent are archers? The seeding round for the women is reported in two
Archery is one of the few Olympic sports in which men and women compete on an equal footing. Both contests start with 64 archers, and the competitors first launch 72 arrows at a distance of 70 m from
Learning math Developers of a new math curriculum called “Accelerated Math” compared performances of students taught by their system with control groups of students in the same schools who were
Javelin Brianna, a member of the track team, runs an experiment to test how different factors affect her javelin throw. She wants to know if the more expensive (premium) javelin is worth the extra
Body fat In the text you have examined data in the file Bodyfat. In particular, you made regression models to predict %Body Fat from Waist size. But there are many other variables in the file. Using
LA rainfall 2018 The Los Angeles Almanac website reports recent annual rainfall (in inches), as shown in the table.1. Create a 90% confidence interval for the mean annual rainfall in LA.2. If you
Video pinball A student runs an experiment to test how different factors affect his score while playing video pinball. Here are the results of 16 runs of an experiment performed in random order.
Pesticides A study published in the journal Environmental Health Perspectives examined the sex ratios of children born to workers exposed to dioxin in Russian pesticide factories. The data
Cramming Students in two basic Spanish classes were required to learn 50 new vocabulary words. One group of 45 students received the list on Monday and studied the words all week. Statistics
Weight loss A weight loss clinic advertises that its program of diet and exercise will allow clients to lose 10 pounds in one month. A local reporter investigating weight reduction gets permission to
The researcher was concerned about whether each maid’s BMI changed over the four-week study. Here are the results of a test performed using
Big screen An electronics website collects data on the size of new HD flat-panel televisions (measuring the diagonal of the screen in inches) to predict the cost (in hundreds of dollars). Which of
Some doctors have expressed concern that men who have vasectomies seemed more likely to develop prostate cancer. Medical researchers used a national cancer registry to identify 923 men who had had
An artisan wants to create pottery that has the appearance of age. He prepares several samples of clay with four different glazes and test fires them in a kiln at three different temperature settings.
Tests of gene therapy on laboratory rats have raised hopes of stopping the degeneration of tissue that characterizes chronic heart failure. Researchers at the University of California, San Diego,
People aged 50 to 71 were initially contacted in the mid-1990s to participate in a study about smoking and bladder cancer. Data were collected from more than 280,000 men and 186,000 women from eight
A soft-drink manufacturer must be sure the bottle caps on the soda are fully sealed and will not come off easily. Inspectors pull a few bottles off the production line at regular intervals and test
Does the use of computer software in introductory statistics classes lead to better understanding of the concepts? A professor teaching two sections of statistics decides to investigate. She teaches
Commuter sample The data file Commuter sample holds a sample drawn from the Population commute times data set. Using your statistics program make histograms of the sample and the population. Discuss
Samples of bridges Use the statistics package of your choice or the simple sample tool at astools.datadesk.com to draw samples of the conditions from the New York bridges 2016 data file. Draw a
Alternate-day fasting A paper published in 2017 in JAMA Internal Medicine (jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/fullarticle/2623528) reported on a study of alternate-day fasting as a
Homecoming A college statistics class conducted a survey concerning community attitudes about the college’s large homecoming celebration. That survey drew its sample in the following manner:
Bias? Political analyst Michael Barone has written that “conservatives are more likely than others to refuse to respond to polls, particularly those polls taken by media outlets that conservatives
Save the grapes Vineyard owners have problems with birds that like to eat the ripening grapes. Some vineyards use scarecrows to try to keep birds away. Others use netting that covers the plants.
Bats It’s generally believed that baseball players can hit the ball farther with aluminum bats than with the traditional wooden ones. Is that true? And, if so, how much farther? Players on your
Acupuncture Research reported in 2008 brings to light the effectiveness of treating chronic lower back pain with different methods. One-third of nearly 1200 volunteers were administered conventional
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