Each of the following exercises presents a flawless formal proof of validity for the indicated argument. For

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Each of the following exercises presents a flawless formal proof of validity for the indicated argument. For each proof, state the justification for each inferred statement (i.e., each statement that is not a premise).


1. F ⊃ ~ G
2. ~ F ⊃ (H ⊃ ~ G)
3. (~ I ꓦ ~ H) ⊃ ~~ G
4. ~ I
∴ ~ H
5. ~ I  ~ H
6. ~~ G
7. ~ F
8. H ⊃ ~ G
9. ~ H

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Introduction To Logic

ISBN: 9781138500860

15th Edition

Authors: Irving M. Copi, Carl Cohen, Victor Rodych

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