Each of the following exercises presents a flawless formal proof of validity for the indicated argument. For

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Each of the following exercises presents a flawless formal proof of validity for the indicated argument. For each proof, state the justification for each inferred statement (i.e., each statement that is not a premise).


1. I ⊃ J
2. I ꓦ (~~ K ⋅ ~~ J)
3. L ⊃  ~ K
4. ~ (I ⋅ J)
∴ ~ L ꓦ ~ J
5. I ⊃ (I ⋅ J)
6. ~ I
7. ~~ K ⊃  ~~ J
8. ~~ K
9. ~ L
10. ~ L ꓦ ~ J

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Introduction To Logic

ISBN: 9781138500860

15th Edition

Authors: Irving M. Copi, Carl Cohen, Victor Rodych

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