For each of the situations listed, identify the primary standard from the IMA Statement of Ethical Professional Practice that is violated (competence, confidentiality, integrity, or credibility).

a. Dana uses the indirect method to prepare the statement of cash flows, even though their company has adopted International Financial Reporting Standards. They are unfamiliar with the steps required to produce a statement using the direct method.

b. Layne is an accountant at Black Squirrel Radio Group, Inc. She has helped to prepare the financial statements. She knows that the internal controls over cash are weak, but she does not speak up because she feels that it is not her job.

c. The statement of cash flows has never been Amir’s strength; he struggled with it in school. This year, Amir cannot get the statement of cash flows to balance, so he decides to hide the amount that the statement is off by adding that difference to one of the items in the operating section.

d. Mark does not disclose to upper management that his sister is a partner in the accounting firm that the company is hiring for the audit.

e. Quinn is an accountant at Murphy & Swanson, Inc. Quinn confides to a close friend that he is concerned about the future of Murphy & Swanson. Quinn explains that operating cash flows are negative; this information is on the not-yet-released financial statements.