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Business Statistics
In a January 2016 Harris Poll, each of 2252 American adults was asked the following question:If you had to choose, which ONE of the following sports would you say is your favorite?” (“Pro
The report “Great Jobs, Great Lives. The Relationship Between Student Debt, Experiences and Perceptions of College Worth” (Gallup-Purdue Index 2015 Report) gave information on the percentage of
The report “TV Drama/Comedy Viewers and Health Information” (cdc.gov/healthcommunication/pdf /healthstyles_2005.pdf, retrieved April 25, 2017) describes the results of a large survey that was
The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration requires each U.S. state to carry out an observational study to assess the level of seat belt use in the state. The report ?2015 Utah Seat Belt Use
The report ?2015 Utah Seat Belt Use Survey? (Utah Department of Public Safety?Highway Safety Office, September 14, 2015) stated that based on observing a large number of vehicle occupants, the
The paper ?Accuracy and Reliability of Self-Reported Weight and Height in the Sister Study? (Public Health Nutrition [2012]: 989?999) investigates whether women accurately report their weight. The
The newspaper article “Folic Acid Might Reduce Risk of Down Syndrome” (USA TODAY, September 29, 1999) makes the following statement: “Older women are at a greater risk of giving birth to a baby
The article ?Americans Growing More Concerned About Head Injuries in Football? (theharrispoll.com, December 21, 2015) describes a survey of 2096 adult Americans. Survey participants were asked if
The following graphical display is similar to one that appeared in USA TODAY (January 8, 2010).? Use the information in this display to answer the following questions. Assume that the percentages
The article ?Chances Are You Know Someone with a Tattoo, and He?s Not a Sailor? (Associated Press, June 11, 2006) included results from a survey of adults aged 18 to 50. The accompanying data are
Two different airlines have a flight from Los Angeles to New York that departs each weekday morning at a certain time. Suppose that E denotes the event that the first airline’s flight is fully
The same issue of The Chronicle for Higher Education Almanac referenced in the previous exercise also reported the following information for Ph.D. degrees awarded by U.S. colleges in the 2013–2014
According to The Chronicle for Higher Education Almanac (2016), there were 1,003,329 Associate degrees awarded by U.S. community colleges in the 2013–2014 academic year. A total of 613,034 of these
The report “Teens, Social Media & Technology Overview 2015” (Pew Research Center, April 9, 2015) summarized data from a large survey of teens age 13 to 17. Of those surveyed, 71% use Facebook
Medical insurance status—covered (C) or not covered (N)—is determined for each individual arriving for treatment at a hospital’s emergency room. Consider the chance experiment in which this
Consider the chance experiment described in the previous exercise. a. For customers who purchase a single book, the estimated probabilities for the different possible outcomes are given in the cells
A bookstore sells two types of books (fiction and nonfiction) in several formats (hardcover, paperback, digital, and audio). For the chance experiment that consists of observing the type and format
Consider the chance experiment described in the previous exercise. a. What is the estimated probability that a randomly selected customer downloads five or more songs? b. What is the estimated
The manager of an online music store has kept records of the number of songs downloaded in a single transaction by customers who make a purchase at the store. Consider the chance experiment of
Consider the chance experiment described in the previous exercise. Suppose that the probability of an overnight delivery selection is 0.1, the probability of a second-day delivery selection is 0.3,
A large department store offers online ordering. When a purchase is made online, the customer can select one of four different delivery options: expedited overnight delivery, expedited second-day
Consider a Venn diagram picturing two events A and B that are not mutually exclusive.a. Shade the event (A ⋃ B)C. On a separate Venn diagram shade the event AC ⋂ BC. How are these two events
Using the outcomes for the chance experiment described in the previous exercise, identify outcomes in each of the following events:a. BCb. CCc. A ⋃ Bd. A ⋂ Be. A ⋂ CPrevious exerciseSuppose
Refer to the previous exercise and now suppose that the chance experiment terminates only when two nondefective batteries have been obtained.a. Let A denote the event that at most three batteries
Suppose that, starting at a certain time, batteries coming off an assembly line are examined one by one to see whether they are defective (let D = defective and N = not defective). The chance
A new model of laptop computer can be ordered with one of three screen sizes (10 inches, 12 inches, 15 inches) and one of four hard drive sizes (50 GB, 100 GB, 150 GB, and 200 GB). Consider the
Refer to the chance experiment described in the previous exercise. a. Head, Prince, and Wilson are U.S. companies and the others are not. Let C denote the event that the racket purchased is made by a
A tennis shop sells five different brands of rackets, each of which comes in either a midsize version or an oversize version. Consider the chance experiment in which brand and size are noted for the
Refer to the chance experiment described in the previous exercise and the sample space for that experiment.a. List the outcomes in each of the following events. Which of these events are simple
Consider the chance experiment in which the type of transmission automatic (A) or manual (M)—is recorded for each of the next two cars purchased from a certain dealer.a. What is the set of all
Define the term sample space, and then give the sample space for the chance experiment you described in Exercise 6.1.Exercise 6.1Define the term chance experiment, and give an example of a chance
Define the term chance experiment, and give an example of a chance experiment with four possible outcomes.
The following quote is from the paper “The Weight of the Bottle as a Possible Extrinsic Clue with Which to Estimate the Price (and Quality) of the Wine? Observed Correlations” (Food Quality and
The paper ?Depression, Body Mass Index, and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease?A Holistic Approach? (International Journal of COPD [2016]:239?249) gave data on change in body mass index (BMI in
Refer to the heart transplant data given in the previous exercise.a. Find a transformation of x and/or y that straightens the plot. Construct a scatterplot for your transformed variables.b. Using the
The following table gives the number of heart transplants performed in the Unites States each year from 2006 to 2015 (U.S. Department of Health and Human
Food intake of grazing animals is limited by the rate grass can be chewed and swallowed, as well as the rate at which food can be digested. The authors of the paper “What Constrains Daily Intake in
Use the information provided in the previous exercise to answer the following questions. a. Here are the values of x9 = log(x) and y9 = log(y): Construct a scatterplot of these transformed data,
The accompanying data are a subset of data from the report “Great Jobs, Great Lives” (Gallup-Purdue Index2015 Report, gallup.com/reports/197144/gallup-purdue-index-report-2015.aspx, retrieved
The article ?$115K! The 13 Best Paying U.S. Companies? (USA TODAY, August 11, 2015) gave the following data on median worker pay (in thousands of dollars) and the 1-year percent change in stock price
The first Batman movie was made over 50 years ago in 1966. Over the years, Batman has been played on screen by a number of actors and even by a Lego figure in the Lego Batman movies. In the original
Acrylamide is a chemical that is sometimes found in cooked starchy foods and which is thought to increase the risk of certain kinds of cancer. The paper “A Statistical Regression Model for the
The report ?Airline Quality Rating 2016? (airlinequalityrating.com/reports/2016_AQR_Final.pdf, retrieved April 22, 2017) included the data for 13 U.S. airlines given in the table below. a. With x 5
Does it pay to stay in school? The report Trends in Higher Education (The College Board, 2010) looked at the median hourly wage gain per additional year of schooling. The report states that workers
The California State Park System Statistical Report for the 2014/2015 Fiscal Year (parks.ca.gov/pages/795/files/14-15%20Statistical%20 Report%20-%20INTERNET.pdf) gave the accompanying data on x 5
The data given in the previous exercise on x = Callto-shock time (in minutes) and y = Survival rate (percent) were used to compute the equation of the least-squares line, which was ŷ = 101.33 -
Acrylamide is a chemical that is sometimes found in cooked starchy foods and which is thought to increase the risk of certain kinds of cancer. The paper “A Statistical Regression Model for the
The report ?Airline Quality Rating 2016? (airlinequalityrating.com/reports/2016_AQR_Final .pdf) included the accompanying data on the on-time arrival percentage and the number of complaints filed per
The accompanying data are a subset of data from the report “Great Jobs, Great Lives” (Gallup-PurdueIndex 2015 Report, gallup.com/reports/197144 /gallup-purdue index-report-2015.aspx). The values
The article ?$115K! The 13 Best Paying U.S. Companies? (USA TODAY, August 11, 2015) gave the following data on median worker pay (in thousands of dollars) and the 1-year percent change in stock price
Data from the U.S. Federal Reserve Board (federalreserve.gov/releases/housedebt/, retrieved April 21, 2017) on consumer debt (as a percentage of personal income) and mortgage debt (also as a
Below are the data used to construct the time series plots in the previous exercise. Calculate the value of the correlation coefficient for the amount spent on science, space, and technology and the
The amount of money spent each year on science, space, and technology in the United States (in millions of dollars) and the amount of money spent on pets in the United States (in billions of dollars)
Each year the Harris Poll surveys Americans on a number of issues. It uses responses to several questions to calculate a “Happiness” index that measures overall happiness. The article “Latest
The paper “The Relationship Between Cell Phone Use, Academic Performance, Anxiety, and Satisfaction with Life in College Students” (Computers in Human Behavior [2014]: 343–350) described a
For the travel time distribution given in the previous exercise, the approximate mean and standard deviation for the travel time distribution are 27 minutes and 24 minutes, respectively. Based on
The graphical display on the next page is similar to one that appeared in USA TODAY (October 22, 2009). It summarizes survey responses to a question about whether visiting social networking sites is
Each year J.D. Power and Associates surveys new car owners 90 days after they purchase their cars. This data is used to rate auto brands (such as Toyota and Ford) on quality and customer
The paper ?Study of the Flying Ability of Rhynchophorus ferrugineus Adults Using a Computer-Monitored Mill? (Bulletin of Entomological Research [2014]: 462?467) summarized data from a study of red
The article “Impact of Berkeley Excise Tax on Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Consumption” (American Journal of Public Health [2016]: 1865–1871) estimated that the mean number of times that adults in
Use the information given in the previous two exercises and Chebyshev’s Rule to complete this exercise. a. Make a statement abouti. the percentage of travel times that were between 0 and 75
Consumer Reports rated 29 fitness trackers (such as Fitbit and Jawbone) on factors such as ease of use and accuracy of step count to obtain an overall score (consumer reports.org, retrieved October
The article “Why We Fall for This” (AARP Magazine, May/June 2011) described a study in which a business professor divided his class into two groups. He showed students a mug and then asked
Example 1.5 gave the accompanying data on violent crime on public college campuses in Florida during 2016 (fbi.gov, retrieved February 6, 2018): a. Construct a dotplot using the 16 observations on
The article ?The Best?and Worst?Places to be a Working Woman? (The Economist, Graphic Detail for March 3, 2016) reported values of what it calls the glass-ceiling index, which is designed to rate
Use the fiber content and sugar content data given in the previous two exercises to construct a comparative boxplot. Comment on the differences and similarities in the fiber and sugar content
The report ?Most Licensed Drivers Age 85+: States? (bloomberg.com/graphics/best-and -worst/#most-licensed-drivers-age-85-plus-states, retrieved April 20, 2017) gives the percentage of drivers in each
Morningstar is an investment research firm that publishes some online educational materials. The materials for an online course called “Looking at Historical Risk”
Give two sets of five numbers that have the same mean but different standard deviations, and give two sets of five numbers that have the same standard deviation but different means.
The paper referenced in the previous exercise also gave summary statistics and graphs for the reaction time of drivers who were not listening to audiobooks. Data on reaction time (in milliseconds)
In an experiment to assess the effect of listening to audiobooks while driving, participants were asked to drive down a straight road in a driving simulator. The accompanying data on time (in
In addition to the prices of the highly-rated smartphones given in the previous exercise, Consumer Reports also gave the prices of the seven smartphones that received the lowest ratings. Those prices
The price (in dollars) of the eight smart phones that were rated highest by Consumer Reports in 2018 (consumerreports.org, retrieved February 23, 2018) were 730 850 830 800 700 1000 950
A sample consisting of four pieces of luggage was selected from among the luggage checked at an airline counter, yielding the following data on x 5 weight (in pounds): x1 = 33.5, x2 = 27.3, x3 =
Each student in a sample of 20 seniors at a particular university was asked if he or she was registered to vote. With R denoting registered and N denoting not registered, the sample data are: R
The report ?State of the News Media 2015? (Pew Research Center, April 29, 2015) published the accompanying circulation numbers for 15 news magazines (such as Time and The New Yorker) for
The state of California defines family income groups in terms of median county income as follows: Extremely low income: below 30% of county median income Very Low income: between 30% and 50% of
The article “The Wedding Industry’s Pricey Little Secret” (June 12, 2013, slate.com) stated that the widely reported average wedding cost is grossly misleading. The article reports that in
The National Center for Education Statistics reported the following data on the average cost per year for tuition, fees, and room and board for 4-year public institutions in the United States
The following data on percentage increase in population between 2010 and 2017 for the 50 U.S. states and the District of Columbia (DC) were calculated using information from the U.S. Census Bureau
Each year, The Princeton Review conducts surveys of high school students who are applying to college and of parents of college applicants. The report ?2016 College Hopes & Worries Survey
The data in the table below are the percentage of drivers who are uninsured in each of the 50 U.S. states and the District of Columbia as reported in the article ?2015?s Most and Least Risky States
Explain why the following graphical display (similar to one appearing in USA TODAY, September 17, 2009) is misleading.? U.S. currency tainted by cocaine Among 234 U.S. bills from 17 large U.S.
The figure at the top left of the next page is from the Fall 2008 Census Enrollment Report at Cal Poly, San Luis Obispo. It uses both a pie chart and a segmented bar chart to summarize data on
The report ?Daily Cigarette Use: Indicators on Children and Youth? (Child Trends Data Bank, childtrends.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/03 _Smoking_new.pdf, retrieved April 17, 2017) included the
The Solid Waste Management section of the Environmental Protection Agency Report on the Environment (epa.gov/roe/, retrieved April 17, 2017) included a graph similar to accompanying graph. The report
Consumer Reports (consumerreports.org) rated 37 different models of laptops that were for sale in 2015. An overall score was assigned to each model based on consideration of several factors,
The accompanying table gives data from a survey of new car owners conducted by J.D. Power and Associates (USA TODAY, usatoday.com, March 29, 2016). For each brand of car sold in the United States,
The following two relative frequency distributions are based on data that appeared in The Chronicle of Higher Education (August 23, 2013). The data are from a survey of students at four-year
The accompanying relative frequency table is based on data from the 2016 College Bound Seniors Report (collegeboard.org, retrieved February 18, 2018).? a. Construct a relative frequency histogram for
The data in the accompanying table are from the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (data.oecd.org/eduatt/population -with-tertiary-education.htm, retrieved February 18, 2018).
The percentage of teens not in school or working in 2010 for the 50 states were given in the 2012 Kids Count Data Book (aecf.org) and are shown in the following table:? Note that the percentages
The percentage of teens not in school or working in 2010 for the 50 states were given in the 2012 Kids Count Data Book (aecf.org) and are shown in the following table:? a. Construct a comparative
The previous exercise gave data on seat belt use for each of the 50 U.S. states and the District of Columbia (“Traffic Safety Facts,” National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, June 2015).
The accompanying data on seat belt use for each of the 50 U.S. states and the District of Columbia are from “Traffic Safety Facts,” (National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, June 2015).
The paper ?State-Level Cancer Mortality Attributable to Cigarette Smoking in the United States? (JAMA Internal Medicine [2016]: 1792?1798) included the following state estimates of the total number
The National Center for Health Statistics provided the data in the accompanying table in the report ?National Vital Statistics Report? (January 5, 2017, cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr66/nvsr66_01.pdf,
The report ?Findings From the 2014 College Senior Survey? (Higher Education Research Institute, December 2014) summarizes data collected from more than 13,000 college seniors across the United
During 2017, Gallup conducted a survey of adult Americans and asked the following question: What was the main reason you decided to enroll in the school or college where you completed your highest
The survey on student attitude toward e-books described in Exercise 3.5 was conducted in 2011. A similar survey was also conducted in 2012 (The Chronicle of Higher Education, August 23, 2013). Data
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