Questions and Answers of Object-Oriented Systems Analysis

How should you go about allocating system tasks to processors?
What is the difference between an information system and information technology?
Identify some things that a computerized information system can do, which are difficult or impossible for a non-computerized equivalent.
Why does it not matter whether a system is real, or exists only in someone’s mind?
Why are boundary and environment important for understanding a system?
What is the difference between feedback and feed-forward?
Why has a human activity system more than one purpose?
What is the purpose of a management support system?
What is meant by disaster recovery? Why is it important for a business organization?
What are the relationships between business goals, information systems strategy and information technology strategy?
Define information. How does it differ from data?
Describe how knowledge differs from information.
Give an example of some knowledge that you possess. What is its purpose?
A. Think of three or four information systems that are not computerized (either historical or contemporary). Identify (or imagine) a computerized equivalent. For each pair, write a brief description
Why do users, clients and developers disagree on the nature and causes of the problems in information systems development?
What are the main underlying causes of problems in information systems development?
Define quality.
What are the main differences between quality problems and productivity problems?
Why do the requirements drift once a project is under way?
What can be the results of ignoring the organizational context of an information system?
What ethical issues might be involved in setting up an online shopping system that has links to an organization’s management information systems?
What are the key approaches that may be used to overcome quality problems in software systems development?
What are the disadvantages of the waterfall lifecycle model?
How are some of the disadvantages listed in your answer to Question 3.2 overcome?Data from in Question 3.2What are the disadvantages of the waterfall lifecycle model?
What is prototyping?
How does prototyping differ from incremental development?
What are the different ways of involving users in the systems development activity?What are potential problems with each of these?
How do ‘syntactic correctness’, ‘consistency’ and ‘completeness’ differ from each other?
What does requirements traceability mean?
Why is it not enough for a diagram to be syntactically correct, consistent and complete?
What is the purpose of a repository?
Define object, class and instance.
What do you think is meant by ‘semantics’?
How does the object-oriented concept of message passing help to hide the implementation of an object, including its data?
What is polymorphism?
What is the difference between generalization and specialization?
What rules describe the relationship between a subclass and its superclass?
What does it mean to say that an object-oriented system is highly modular?
Why is it particularly hard for a designer to anticipate a user’s sequence of tasks when using a GUI application?
What does ‘object state’ mean?
What is an operation signature?
Distinguish between ‘encapsulation’ and ‘information hiding.’
What is the difference between a diagram and a model?
What are the two types of UML diagram?
Why do we use models in developing computerized information systems and other artefacts?
Why do we need standards for the graphical elements of diagrams?
What is the UML notation for each of the following: package, subsystem and model?
In what way can we show in UML that something is contained within something else, for example a subsystem within another subsystem?
What is the notation used for an action in a UML activity diagram?
What links actions in an activity diagram?
In what way can a decision be represented in a UML activity diagram?
What is the notation for the two special nodes that start and finish an activity diagram?
What is meant by a guard condition?
What is an object flow?
What is the notation for an object flow?
What is the difference between USDP and the Waterfall Lifecycle in the relationship between activities and phases?
Read the following description of a requirement for FoodCo, and decide which parts of it are functional requirements and which are non-functional requirements.The allocation of staff to production
Read the following description of a requirement for FoodCo, and decide which parts of it are functional requirements and which are non-functional requirements.The allocation of staff to production
Name the five main fact-finding techniques and list one advantage and one disadvantage of each.
Imagine that you will be interviewing one of the three staff in Production Planning at FoodCo. Draw up a list of ten questions that you would want to ask him or her.
What is the purpose of producing use cases?
Describe in your own words the difference between the "extend" and include relationships in use case diagrams.
What is the difference between an ‘essential’ and a ‘real’ use case?
Write a use case description in the extended form, used for the Assign staff to work on a campaign example in Section 6.6.2, for either Create concept note or Browse concept notes.Example From
Think of the different possible uses you could make of a library computer system and draw a use case diagram to represent these use cases.
List some non-functional requirements of a library computer system (as in Question 6.8) that you would not model using use cases.Data from in question 6.8Think of the different possible uses you
Explain what is meant by ‘use case realization’.
Distinguish between attribute and value.
In what sense are classes generally more stable than their instances, and why is this usually the case?
Distinguish between link and association.
What is a UML analysis model?
What is multiplicity, and why can it be called a constraint?
What is an operation?
How are operations related to messages?
What is an attribute?
Section 7.4.6 discusses the creation and destruction of links but makes no mention of updating a link when it is changed. Why is this?
What is a collaboration?
How does a communication diagram differ from a class diagram?
Outline the main steps in developing a class diagram for a use case.
What are the advantages of team members acting the parts of objects when they are developing a set of CRC cards?
What are the advantages of components?
Why does the NIH syndrome occur?
Which features of object-orientation help in the creation of reusable components?
Distinguish composition from aggregation.
Why are operations sometimes redefined in a subclass?
Why is encapsulation important to creating reusable components?
Why is generalization important to creating reusable components?
When should you not use generalization in a model?
What does the term pattern mean in the context of software development?
How do patterns help the software developer?
What is an antipattern?
What are the two main purposes of an operation specification?
To what kinds of situation are decision tables particularly suited?
Why is it important to specify both pre- and post-conditions for an operation?
What are the main differences between algorithmic and non-algorithmic approaches to operation specification?
Why are non-algorithmic (or declarative) approaches generally preferred in objectoriented development?
Why are operation specifications in an object-oriented project likely to be small?
What are the three kinds of control structure in Structured English?
What is a sensible limit on the size of a Structured English specification?
What are the three components of most OCL expressions?

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