Consider a parallel-plate capacitor with charge \(+q\) on the top plate and \(-q\) on the other, and a plate area that is large relative to the separation distance. Contrast this with a spherical capacitor consisting of two concentric spherical shells, one smaller than the other, with a charge of \(+q\) uniformly distributed on the outer shell and a charge of \(-q\) uniformly distributed on the inner shell.

(a) Do the positive and negative charge distributions contribute equally to the electric field inside each capacitor? If not, what fraction of the field comes from the negative distribution?

(b) What is the electric field magnitude outside each capacitor?