You have a pair of objects that interact with each other electrically. The objects initially are separated by a distance \(r\) and exert a force of magnitude \(F^{F}\) on each other. If the separation is increased to \(2 r\), calculate the new force magnitude between the objects if they are

(a) charged particles,

(b) permanent dipoles with their separation along their dipole axis,

(c) permanent dipoles with their separation perpendicular to their dipole axis,

(d) a charged particle and a permanent dipole with the dipole pointing directly away from the charged particle,

(e) a charged particle and an induced dipole.