A NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies report gives the annual global mean land-ocean temperature index for the years 1880 to the present. The index number is the difference between the mean temperature over the base years 1951–1980 and the actual temperature for the year recorded. For the recorded year, a positive index is the number of degrees Celsius above the base; a negative index is the number below the base. The table lists the index for the years 1940–2010 in 5-year intervals, reported in the NASA data set.

a. Make a scatterplot of the data.

b. Find and plot a regression line, and superimpose the line on the scatterplot.

c. Find and plot a quadratic curve that captures the trend of the data, and superimpose the curve on the scatterplot.

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Year Index (°C) 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 0.04 0.06 -0.16 -0.11 -0.01 -0.12 0.03 -0.04 Year 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 Index (°C) 0.20 0.05 0.36 0.39 0.35 0.62 0.63