1. (2 points) An X-bar chart and R-chart should be used to control which of the following situations? a) the percentage of letters with incorrect zip codes b) the standard deviation of the diameter of ball bearings c) the mean length of drinking straws d) the proportion of satisfied customers e) individual weight of packing boxes 2. (2 points) Because of high test costs, a single sample of wastewater sludge is tested daily for dissolved oxygen content. The appropriate control chart method is: a) X-bar chart and R-chart b) c-chart c) X-chart and moving range chart d) X-chart and R-chart e) p-chart 3. (2 points) Which of the following statements is not true about larger sample sizes? a) More time for sampling and analysis is required. b) The possibility of within-sample variation due to special causes is decreased. c) The normality assumption is strengthened. d) Smaller changes in the process can be detected with higher probability. e) S-chart becomes a better alternative to R-chart 4. (2 points) The output of a process is stable and normally distributed. If the process mean equals 23.5, what percent of output will be smaller than the mean? a) 23.5 % b) 76.5% c) 50 % d)25% e cannot be determined 5. (2 points) Product liability costs are considered part of a) external failure costs b) internal failure costs c) appraisal costs d) prevention costs e) None of the above 6. (2 points) An approach to improve the ability of the cusum control chart to detect large process shifts is to use a) EWMA Control Chart b) Moving Average Control Chart with longer time span moving averages c) Combined EWMA-Shewhart Procedure d) Cusum - Individual Chart e) Combined Cusum - Shewhart Procedure 7. (2 points) We define reproducibility as the variability due to a) Different conditions b) Different time periods c) Different environments d) Different operator e) None of the above