1. Calcium nitrate is sometimes sprayed on apple trees to control “bitter pit disorder.” 

a) What is the chemical formula for calcium nitrate?

b) A spray is prepared by diluting 5.0 lb of calcium nitrate in water to a total volume of 100 gallons. What is the molality (m) of this solution? Assume a solution density of 1.02 g/mL.

c) What is the freezing point of this solution? The can't hoff factor for calcium nitrate is 2.5.

d) Why is the freezing point of this solution different from the freezing point of pure water?