1. How is an abstract class defined in Java? 2. How is an abstract method declared in abstract class? 3. What is an interface? 4. Know how to recognize identifiers that are reference types. 5. What is the Comparable interface used for? 6. Compare and contrast abstract classes and interfaces. 7. What does Inheritance mean? Aggregation? Composition? 8. Know all the guidelines recommended by the text in the design of classes. 9. Know the differences between text files and binary files. 10. How do you determine the number of bytes in a file using InputStream? 11. Know about the different types of exceptions that can thrown when doing file processing. 12. Know how to determine the number of bytes that are written to a binary file. 13. Know what it means to be serializable in the context of file processing. 14. Know how to create the different type of files. 15. What options do you have for creating a random-access file? 16. Which I/O class can you use to append or update a file? 17. What are the costs and benefits of using recursion when solving a problem on a computer? 18. Know how to identify the base case for a recursive routine. 19. Know what is returned by a recursive method. 20. What is a helper method? 21. Know the code for recursive versions for factorial, palindromes, Towers of Hanoi, Selection Sort, and Binary Search 22. Compare and contrast recursion vs iteration 23. What are the differences between tail and non-tail recursion