$1.$ Request for proposal:

a$.$ The project$-$functional interface definition is poor.

$2.$ Submittal to Customer:

a$.$ The work breakdown structure is poorly defined.

$3.$ Contract award:

a$.$ Engineering does not request manufacturing input for end$-$item production.

$4.$ Design review meetings:

a$.$ Improper systems integrations have created conflicts and communication break down.

b$.$ Several functional managers did not realize that they were responsible for certain risks.

c$.$ The impact of design changes is not systematically evaluated.

$5.$ Testing the product:

a$.$ Time and cost constraints are not compatible with the state of the art.

$6.$ Customer acceptance:

a$.$ The customer does not fully realize the impact that a technical change will have upon cost and schedule.