1. WHEELEN AND HUNGER REFERENCE The five orientations and the order in which they are placed minor those found on pages 293 and 294 of your textbook. Hofstede initially identified four orientations that characterize people in different cultures settings and therefore affect workplace atitudes. These are power uncertainty, social, and time (quality of e) Later research added conder as a fith orientation. Varying levels of each of these dimensions affect the perception, attitudes, values, motivation and behavior of the workforce in different cultures Power Tolerance 1. Power Orientation (PD) Power Respect Unequat distribution of power within The appropriateness and acceptance Unequal distribution of power within an organizations is tolerated rather than of the power authority equation within organization is accepted individuals accepted. Individuals respect authority organizations coopt Authority rather than their of the individual rather than the position personal interest Uncertainty Acceptance 2. Uncertainty Orientation UA Uncertainty Avoidance Positive response to change and new opportunities People tolerate risk and > An emotional response to uncertainty Structure and a consistent routine are and change favored and people tend to be risk unstructured situations verse Individualism Social Orientation 1c Collectivism The interests of the individual Plative importance of the Interesti The interests of society as a whole lake precedence over those of society the individual versus the rest of precedence over those of the individual whole Male dominated cultures Sex roles are sharply differentiated between gender and work. Women are seen as incapable of performing certain jobs. Males retain the vast majority of position of authority 4. Gender Orientation The relationship between gender and the work. The sent to which werd al in the world Feminine outures Sexolestros carly defined. Little differentiation is made between men and women in the same jobs. Woman can and do in positions of authority wo Long-Term Outlook Dedication hard work and roll image are valued. "Getting head's more portant than today's Quality of life Time Orientation LT The extent to which individi ve bulture sont along coming and Short-Term Outlook Los emphasis placed on hard work and ambition Great value is placed on today quality of P12 hand boxes for a given country or low. You THE EXERCISE COUNTRY Left POWER Right UNCERTAINTY Loft Right ORIENTATION SOCIAL Loft Right GENDER Right Left TIME Right DENMARK JAPAN MEXICO SAUDI ARABIA USA