1. Whether a decision is programmed or nonprogrammed, it relates to the degree of certainty, risk and ambiguity. Explain what is programmed decision in business situation and provide example. Please analyze your example based on the degree of certainty.

2. Chain of command is an unbroken line of authority that links all employees in an organization and shows who reports to whom. It is associated with two underlying principles. Please define those two principles. Elaborate with example in organization chart to explain those principles. You may refer the example based on video presented in class .

3. Explain what virtual network approach is and how does it differ from departmentalization.