11. The framework is used to achieve continuous improvement in operations systems. A)JIT B) Business process reengineering C) P-D-C-A D) lean thinking E) None of the above. 12. All of the following are strategies used to influence the demand of goods or services in capacity planning EXCEPT A. giving price incentives and advertising B) using reservations C) using overtime and subcontracting D) using appointments 13. When past demand history is unavailable or unreliable, a forecast analyst MAY use which of the following? A) Demand analytics method. B) Quantitative forecasting method ) Qualitative forecasting method. D) None of the above is appropriate. 14. Suppose you are using the exponential smoothing method to forecast demand. If you want the forecast for next period to be closer to actual demand for the most recent period, the selected value of alpha () should be A) Small (i.e., close to 0) B) Large (i.c., close to 1) Moderate about half of the maximum value of alpha. D) The selected value of alpha has no impact on the forecast 15. Which of the following statements is true in capacity management? A. Capacity can be measured in several units such as hours of output, number of units produced, number of customers served, etc. B. Capacity is the maximum output that could be produced per time period C. The bottleneck station in the system determines the capacity of the system D. All of the above. E. Only (a) and (b) above 16. Different time horizons are used in capacity planning one of which is aggregate planning. Aggregate planning differs from scheduling in that aggregate planning is for: A. the long-range and scheduling is for the short- range. B. the medium-range and scheduling is for the short- range. C. the short-range and scheduling is for medium- range. D. None of the above