15. When using activity-based costing ( ABC ) in managerial accounting, which cost allocation method is emphasized? a. Direct labor cost allocation b. Direct materials cost allocation c. Overhead cost allocation based on machine hours d. Overhead cost allocation based on cost driver activities 16. Cost-Volume-Profit (CVP) analysis primarily focuses on how changes in which factors affect a company's profitability? a. Customer preferences b. Sales volume, costs, and prices c. Economic trends d. Regulatory compliance 17. What is the breakeven point in CVP analysis? a. The point where sales revenue equals fixed costs b. The point where variable costs exceed total revenue c. The point where total costs are minimized d. The point where net income is zero 18. The contribution margin ratio is calculated as: a. Total revenue divided by total costs b. Variable costs divided by total revenue c. Gross profit divided by fixed costs d. (Sales revenue - variable costs) divided by sales revenue