16. In which situation would horizontal integration be an especially effective strategy? A. When an organization can gain monopolistic characteristics in a particular area or region without being challenged by the federal government for "tending substantially" to reduce competition. B. When an organization competes in a slowing industry. C. When decreased economies of scale provide major competitive advantages. D. When an organization has neither the capital nor human talent needed to successfully manage an expanded organization. E. When competitors are succeeding due to managerial expertise or having particular resources an organization possesses. 17. All of the following are ways and means for altering an organization's culture EXCEPT: A. recruitment. B. restructuring. C. role modelling. D. retrenchment. E. redesigning physical spaces/facades. 18. Modern organizational realities demand that employees demonstrate greater A. flexibility. B. innovation. C. creativity. D. initiative. E. all of the above. 19. Communication between domestic headquarters and overseas operations is often made difficult by A. geographic distance. B. cultural differences. C. variations in business practices. D. national differences. E. all of the above. 20. Which of the following is NOT a way that companies can help create an ethical culture in their organization? A. Discouraging whistle-blowing B. Giving examples of ethical situations that commonly occur in their businesses C. Providing code-of-conduct manuals D. Creating interactive exercises that pose hypothetical ethical dilemmas E. Outlining ethical expectations