7. The Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) is used a) to control the external buses b) issue microinstructions to hardware c) to perform arithmetic and logical operations on operands d) to produce clock signals for the CPU e) as a memory device 8. Clock signals are used to: a) decode instructions b) keep track of the system time c) signal a loss of power d) synchronize the operation of logic circuits e) a hard drive to read a sector 9. One very important use of a clocked latch is: a) as a Reduced Interpretation Set Computer b) an ALU c) as a clock signal d) as a ROM e) as a basic memory device 10. NAND and NOR gates can be considered to be a) useful gates, but other gates types are more important b) the building blocks of all other gate types c) never integrated on a chip d) useless gates because XOR gates are the most important e) are logically equivalent 11. The number of clock cycles (or operations) needed to execute set of operations is called: a) prefetch latency b) pipeline latency c) the clock frequency d) the branch prediction e) the path length 12 Cache memory speeds up main memory access because programs have: a) temporal and spatial locality b) RISC instructions c) CISC instructions d) set-associative memory characteristics e) local variable frames