$9\mathrm{.}20$ Compare flow rates through $40-mm-$diameter openings under $1\mathrm{.}50m$ static heads if the openings have been constructed as sharp$-$edged, rounded, short$-$tube, or Borda orifices. Ancient Rome's famous water system used sharp$-$edged orifices lo neter water to Roman citizens. The clever citizens found that they could obtan $30$ percent more water by inserting a short tube into the orfice and thus chgat Caesar out of significant water revenues.