A 15-year-old girl in a coma was brought to the emergency room by her parents. She had diabetes and has been insulin dependent for 7 years. Her parents stated that there have been several episodes of hypoglycemia and ketoacidosis in the past and hat their daughter has often been “too busy” to take her insulin injections. The results of laboratory testing performed upon admission are listed below:

What is the diagnosis? Calculate the anion gap.

What is the cause of the anion gap in this patient?

Why are chloride and bicarbonate decreased?

What is the significance of the elevated potassium value?

What is the significance of the plasma osmolality 

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CASE STUDY TABLE 16-5.1 LABORATORY RESULTS RESULT REFERENCE RANGE Venous blood Na+ 145 mmol/L 136-145 mmol/L K+ 5.8 mmol/L 3.4-5.0 mmol/L CI- 87 mmol/L HCO3 Glucose Urea nitrogen Creatinine Lactate Osmolality 8 mmol/L 1,050 mg/dL 35 mg/dL 1.3 mg/dL 5 mmol/L 385 mOsm/kg 7.11 98 mm Hg Arterial blood pH po pco2 Urine 20 mm Hg Normal Glucose 4+ Ketones 4+ Copy2014 Wes Her Heath Upphets & s 98-107 mmol/L 22-29 mmol/L 70-110 mg/dL 7-18 mg/dL 0.5-1.3 mg/dL 0.5-2.2 mmol/L 275-295 mOsm/kg 7.35-7.45 83-100 mm Hg 35-45 mm Hg Negative Negative CASE STUDY TABLE 16-5.1 LABORATORY RESULTS RESULT REFERENCE RANGE Venous blood Na+ 145 mmol/L 136-145 mmol/L K+ 5.8 mmol/L 3.4-5.0 mmol/L CI- 87 mmol/L HCO3 Glucose Urea nitrogen Creatinine Lactate Osmolality 8 mmol/L 1,050 mg/dL 35 mg/dL 1.3 mg/dL 5 mmol/L 385 mOsm/kg 7.11 98 mm Hg Arterial blood pH po pco2 Urine 20 mm Hg Normal Glucose 4+ Ketones 4+ Copy2014 Wes Her Heath Upphets & s 98-107 mmol/L 22-29 mmol/L 70-110 mg/dL 7-18 mg/dL 0.5-1.3 mg/dL 0.5-2.2 mmol/L 275-295 mOsm/kg 7.35-7.45 83-100 mm Hg 35-45 mm Hg Negative Negative

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Answer The diagnosis is diabetic ketoacidosis 08880 Calculation of Arion Grap Anon crap Na KCLHCO3 ... View the full answer