A certain reaction was run several times using a catalyst. The catalyst was supposed to control the yield of an undesirable side product. Results, in units of percentage yield, for 24 runs of the catalyst are as follows:
Catalyst
4.4 3.4 2.6 3.8 4.9 4.6 5.2 4.7 4.1 2.6 6.7 4.1 3.6 2.9 2.6 4.0
4.3 3.9 4.8 4.5
4.4 3.1 5.7 4.5
a. What does it mean to represent the above raw data graphically?
b. In your own words, explain why statisticians think the sample variance is a biased estimator of the population variance and how it could be corrected.
c. Explain how the above remedy help solves the problem of bias in such estimation?