a) If a firm is implementing a differentiation strategy, it should:

find unique ways to set itself apart from rivals.

specialize only in unique value-chain activities.

design product features and services that buyers want--even if they must pay extra to get them.

diversify into a variety of industries.

all of the above.

b) First-mover disadvantages (or late-mover advantage) arise when

The costs of pioneering are much higher than being a follower and only negligible learning/experience curve benefits accrue to the pioneer.

Rapid market evolution gives fast-followers an opening to leapfrog the pioneer with next-generation products of their own.

the pioneer's products are somewhat primitive and do not live up to buyer expectations, allowing clever followers to win disenchanted buyers with better-performing products.

The marketplace is skeptical about the benefits of a new technology or product being pioneered by a first-mover.

All of these.

c) Business-level, or competitive, strategy focuses on

Ensuring that the company maintains the existing market share that it has historically enjoyed in multiple markets or industries.

Maintaining market leadership in multiple industries.

Providing shareholders a minimum acceptable return on investment.

improving the competitive position of a corporation's products or services within the single industry or market segment served.

Preventing the competition from gaining a competitive edge by undermining their marketing plan.