A software engineer is designing a new program. She decides to first define all the classes needed, and how they will interact with each other. She then defines what methods will be needed in each class. Later, she writes those methods. This design process is an example of: $(1$ point$)$

top$-$down design

bottom$-$up design

object$-$oriented programming

Question $18$Select one:

a$.$

I and II only

b$.$

I and III only

c$.$

II and III only

d$.$

I, II$,$ and III

e$.$

II only