A study was conducted in which students were asked to estimate the number of calories in a cheeseburger. One group was asked to think after thinking about acalorie-laden cheesecake. A second group was asked tothinkafter thinking about an organic fruit salad. The mean number of calories estimated was765for the group that thought about the cheesecake and1033for the group that thought about the organic fruit salad. Suppose that the study was based on a sample of20students in each group, and the standard deviation of the number of calories estimated was123for the people who thought about the cheesecake first and141for the people who thought about the organic fruit salad first.

c. In the context of this study, what is the meaning of a Type II error?

A. A Type II error is committed if one concludes that the mean estimate is significantly lower for the people who thought about the cheesecake when it is not significantly lower.

B. A Type II error is committed if one does not reject both the null and the alternative hypothesis.

C. A Type II error is committed if the null hypothesis is rejected but the mean estimate is not significantly lower for the people who thought about the cheesecake.

D. A Type II error is committed if one concludes that the mean estimate is not significantly lower for the people who thought about the cheesecake when it is significantly lower.