Acetylene $(C_2{H}_2),$ a gas used for welding, is converted into ethanol $(C_2{H}_{6}O)$ and butanol $(C_4{H}_{10}O).$ A fresh feed of acetylene, $H_2,$ and $O_2$

is combined with a recycle stream and is fed to a reactor where the following fractional conversions are achieved: acetylene

conversion $=0\mathrm{.}750,$ hydrogen conversion $=0\mathrm{.}900,$ and oxygen conversion $=1\mathrm{.}00.$ The reactor effluent contains the two products,

unreacted components, and $C{O}_2.$ While the reactor effluent contains $1\mathrm{.}10$ moles $C{O}_2$ per $1\mathrm{.}00$ moles ethanol, the stoichiometry of the

reactions is unknown. The reactor effluent is sent to a separator where all of the $C{O}_2$ leaves as a gas. The remaining components are

sent to a second separation unit. The bottoms stream of this unit contains all of the ethanol and butanol products. The process

produces $140mo\frac{l}{m}in$ of ethanol and $60\mathrm{.}0mo\frac{l}{m}in$ of butanol.

$($a$)$ Draw and label a process flow diagram. Clearly number each stream.

$($b$)$ Calculate the molar flow rates $(mo\frac{l}{m}in$ of each component exiting the reactor.

$($c$)$ Calculate the molar flow rates $(mo\frac{l}{m}in$ of each component in the fresh feed.

$($d$)$ A purge stream is now added, which removes some of the flow from the recycle stream. Will the overall conversion of acetylene

increase, decrease or stay the same?