Article to Review: https://www.jpmph.org/journal/view.php?doi=10.3961/jpmph.20.540

Questions:

1. What was the primary exposure of interest? Was it accurately measured?
2. What was the primary outcome of interest? Was it accurately measured?
3. What type of study was conducted?
4. Describe the source of the study population, process of subject selection, sample size, and ratio of propositi to comparison subjects. (Propositi are exposed subjects in an experimental or cohort study and cases in a case-control study).
5. Could there have been bias in the selection of study subjects? How likely was this bias?
6. Could there have been bias in the collection of information? How likely was this bias?
7. What provisions were made to minimize the influence of confounding factors prior to the analysis of the date? Were these provisions sufficient?

1. What methods were used to control confounding during the data analysis? Were these methods sufficient?
2. What measures of association were reported in this study?
3. What measures of statistical stability were reported in this study?

1. What were the major results of this study?
2. How is the interpretation of these results affected by the information bias, selection bias, and confounding? Discuss both the direction and magnitude of any bias.
3. How is the interpretation of these results affected by nondifferential misclassification?
4. Did the discussion section adequately address the limitations of the study?
5. What were the authors' main conclusions? Were they justified by the findings?
6. To what larger population can the results of this study be generalized?