As the intake pressure is throttled from 101.3 to 50 kPa, what is the change in the volumetric efficiency, imep, and residual fraction of a four-stroke gasoline fuel--air Otto cycle engine? Assume ????_i = 300 K, ???? = 0.9, ???? = 11, and ????_e = 105 kPa.

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Based on the provided sources the change in the volumetric efficiency indicated mean effective press... View the full answer