Can you explain how to set up this problem by providing a response to each prompt using physics concepts or formulas? Please include each math step so I can check my own work. This involves the Physics topic Conservation of Energy as well as other related topics such as potential energy, kinetic energy, work-energy theorem, etc.

Conservation debate Two friends are having a friendly disagreement on the conservation of energy and momentum. \"Conservation of energy and momentum are basic principles of physics. They both are always conserved!\" says Emmy. \"That's demonstrably false,\" says Aristotle. He picks up a rock and throws it against the wall. \"See? The rock had forward momentum. Then, it hit the wall and had momentum back towards 11s. And then its momentum starting pointing downward until it stopped on the oor. Likewise, its energy was changing the whole time and eventually disappeared.\" How do you explain the conservation laws to your two friends? Explain your reasoning in several sentences as if they had both taken Physics a few years ago but forgot all the details