Carefully read "The Relationship Between Teacher Performance Evaluation Scores and Student Achievement: Evidence from Cincinnati" from Peabody Journal of Education by Milanowski.Then, provide succinct answers to the following questions. To help you, Empirical Bayes' Estimation is one method to estimate teacher "valued-added" in terms of student achievement. Residuals are the difference between the observed value of a variable and the predicted value of a variable. In the Milanowski study, EB Intercept residuals is used by the author as a measure of student learning.

Identify the variables involved in this study.

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1207/s15327930pje7904_3