Operating System Questions and Answers May 12, 2021

Consider a single-server queuing syatem. If the arrival rate is 49 time in the system to include service (answer in minutes to 2 decimal places) 49 units per hour and each customer takes 40 seconds on average to be served, what is the average?

A system is being designed. The interarrival times of customers are expected to be exponentially distributed with mean 1A 50 msec. One singleserver queue with infinite buffer space. The service times are exponentially distributed with mean 1 20 msec. Find the response time. TO departures arrivals

A server operates with 80% utilization. The coefficient of variation for the service process is 0.5 and the coefficient of variation of the arrival process is 1. The average processing time is 3 minutes. What is the average time a customer spends in the system according to the single-server queue model?

Consider a single-server queueing system with arrival and service details as: Interarrival times: 3 2 6 2 4 5 Service times: 2 5 5 8 4 5 Prepare a FEL simulation table for the given data. Stop simulation when the clock reaches 20 and compute the average customer waiting time in the queue.

Customers arrive at the ATM at the rate of 10 customers per hour and spend 2 minutes, on average, on all the transactions. This system is modeled by the Bernoulli single-server queuing process with 10-second frames. Write the transition probability matrix for the number of customers at the ATM at the end of cach frame.

imulate the single-server queue for the following inter-arrival and service times. Please make table. Average delay for the Customers and utilization of server. Inter-arrival time (Ai): 0, 5, 3, 1, 1 Service Time (Si): 3, 2, 1, 2, 1 Event Times (ej) Delay (Di) Completion (Ci) What is the Average delay, Average Number in Queue, and Server

In a single-server queuing system, = 13.9 and = 19.9. Find the probability that there are fewer than 3 customers in the system at any point in time. Note that you will need to make more than one calculation to get this answer correct. Remember to round correctly to three places beyond the decimal, the nearest thousandth.

The table below shows the manual simulation for a singleserver queuing system. Compute the value stated in the table. Show working Pkt IAT ST Arrival Service No. Time Starts At 123456789 251AI 10 2 5 4 3 3 2 5 12 10 16 9 10 13 17 10 8 12 2 7 2 14 Departure Time Time in 14 24 Time in Queue System 0 12 7 17

On average, a customer waits 8 minutes in a queue and the average interarrival time is 4 minutes. What is the average number of customers waiting according to the single-server queue model?

Simulate the single-server queue for the following inter-arrival and service times and find average delay for the customers, utilization of server, and average number of customers waiting at the end of this simulation. Draw graphs for utilization and the number of customers waiting over time. Inter-arrival time (Ai): 4,2,4,1,4,1,3,2,1,1 Service

What is the difference in how process and thread use program counter and stacks

Explain the process execution state and thread execution state. Program counter? Stack?

write c program in Linux os two process the initial print and another one . the print process global array with the value : 2,5,6,7,8,9 . another process maloti with array 2 value . after the print process and other process both print the array values. the other process will crate thread after printing and send your name to thread as a parameter

When implementing a parallel algorithm, explain the advantages of using threads to using multiple processes. A running process may transition to one of the following states - Waiting, Ready, Terminated or Swapped. Explain what would cause a running process to transition to each one of these states Why is it easier to program "synchronous"

Show the Linux command to examine all running and a stopped daemons/services in your Linux VM, name one such daemon/service that is currently running, and one such service that is currently stopped in your current VM. Display the Linux command to list all the operating system parameters. List the directory where these parameters are stored in

The framework for scheduling considerations includes: When the scheduler is involved How it selects the highest priority Three examples of threads include: User threads Kernel threads Lightweight processes What are some of the thread scheduling issues. Discuss and give some computing environments that are

Identify the basic components of a thread, and contrast threads and processes Describe the benefits and challenges of designing multithreaded applications Illustrate different approaches to implicit threading including thread pools, forkjoin, and Grand Central Dispatch Describe how the Windows and Linux operating systems represent threads Design

An application is running POSIX threads under Linux on an SMP system. A scheduling switch from thread A to thread B A. requires a mode switch on the processor. B. can result in thread A moved to another processor for its next time slice

Write the real code for the Sleeping Barber problem. You can write it in C using the Unix or Linux semaphore constructs, in which case you will need to create a process for the barber and a process for each customer. Alternatively, you can use Java and its thread management mechanism. You can experiment with both the values of customer arrival

Explain the difference between processes and threads in general. b) How does the Linux kernel treat processes and threads. Also give a rationale for why the Linux kernel treats them so. Explain 3 types of Multithreading Models, with advantages and disadvantages of each.

1. Explore windows 10 and Linux operating systems and identify tools available to manage the following 5 subsystems for each operating system: memory management processor management (including process management) device management file management network management 2. Summarize the comparison between the 2 operating systems

In the Linux environment, use C/C++/Java (or other languages) programming to complete the following experiments: 1) Refer to the Linux kernel source code structure, read the Linux kernel source code, analyze the composition of the Linux process, and observe the process management data structure such as task_struc of the Linxu process; 2) Design

Describe several applications of UserMode Linux (UML). How do Linux threads differ from traditional threads How are the Linux process schedulers run queues similar to multilevel feedback queues

Linux c programming using linux library example #include Making a process in user-level by using fork() system call Making a thread in user-level by using pthread APIs Making a kernel thread in your kernel module

Create a table that shows all the difference between Android and Linux. Processor and threads in OS, Memory Management System, Embedded OS, File Management and more, also we understood how does it work in both Linux and Android.

Write and explain broadly the following about threads and Processes 1.Multithreading and Thread functionality 2.User-Level, Kernel-Level Threads and another Arrangements. 3.Linux Process and Thread Management and their tasks, threads and Namespace. 4. Android Process and Thread Management and their Applications, activities, Processes and Threads.

Write a note on the following: A. Mainframe OS B. Server OS C. Multiprocessor OS D. Personal Computer OS E. Handheld Computer OS F. Embedded OS G. Sensor-node OS H. Real-time OS I. Smart card OS

List out any 5 fields of multiprocessor operating system used. Which OS is best in multiprocessor and parallel computing environment? Why?

1.What are three methods of redundancy? 2. What are four techniques which can be incorporated into Operating System (OS) software to support fault tolerance? 3. What are five key design issues in symmetric multiprocessor OS considerations? 4. What does GCD stand for? 5. What is virtual machine approach?

Define and Explain the Symmetric Multiprocessors (SMP) and explain both its characteristics and Advantages. Describe and Explain the abstraction of Computer Hardware, Operating System, and Software Structure. Describe and Explain the Memory Layout for a Resident Monitor. Compare in detail between the Batch Multiprogramming versus Time Sharing.

PLEASE ANSWER CHOOSING ONE OF THE MULTIPLE CHOICE ANSWERS!!!! Question 1 What is the per unit dollar contribution for the GoGo? a. about $27.00 b. about $35.62 c. about 19.97 d. about $41.33 Question 2 What is Whoyser's break even point (in units) for the GoGo? a. about 755,000 b. about 456,000 c. about 689,500 d. about 715,000 e. about 693,000

Describe two models or processes that can be followed when you are undertaking self-reflection.

In a computer using 7 state process model with a single CPU and interrupt mechanism, assume that: - Maximum available main memory that can be reserved for all processes except kernel is 500MB. - A process is allowed to run at most 5 ms and then interrupted (timed out). -At t=0, there are only 2 processes: Process B (250 MB) is running and Process

Why we could have two blocked states in a process state diagram?? operating system

A callback is a powerful tool to customize the behavior of a Keras model during training, evaluation, or inference. What is the function of the following callback? process = tf.keras.callbacks.EarlyStopping( monitor='val_prc', verbose=1, patience=10, mode='max', restore_best_weights=True) Group of answer choices Periodically save your model to

Explain the concept of process. Give a real-world example of using process states . You must provide an example that include at least two processes which would run on a single CPU. Also, use the five process states and the concept of context switch to switch the use of the CPU between two or more processes.

A process can be in the following states after it is created New, Ready, Blocked, ReadySuspend, BlockedSuspend, Running, Exit. (a) Write down the state transition (i.e., from which state to which state) that a process would experience as a result of the decision made by (i) the longterm scheduler, (ii) the mediumterm scheduler, and (iii) the

How do content and process models promote more in- depth understanding of college student development? Identify and briefly describe two content and process models.

1.Explain the terms: preemptive scheduler; non-preemptive scheduler; dispatcher; turnaround time; hard real-time computing; soft real-time computing 2. What does the dispatcher do when it works? 3. What are the scheduling criteria when choosing scheduling algorithms? 4. Explain the terms: atomic operation; critical section; semaphore; deadlock;

Give two "real-world" examples (with the stochastic matrix and what it is modeling) of Markov chain models which contain: (a) Periodic classes (groups) of states (b) An ergodic system

A virus is found to exist in N different strains and in each generation either stays the same or mutates into another strain with probability p(N 1). Show that the probability that the strain in the nth generation is the same as that at time zero is 1 pN (1 7) ( 27) N N1 Hint Model this as a 2state Markov process with the two states being

Suppose that the condition of a product, being defective (D) or nondefective (N), depends on the condition of the last two products produced as follows If the last two products were defective, then 75 of the time, next product will be defective. If the last two products were nondefective, then 90 of the time, next product will be nondefective.

Explain how the new provisions for NCC2022 will affect residential construction for clients, certifiers (building inspectors), designers, and contractors. After the National Construction Code (NCC 2022) was implemented, some States did not adopt all the new provisions. Identify two States where this has happened and discuss the legislative process

Please distinguish between what is the crime control model and what is the due process model ? And , what does balancing the two model achieve within a criminal justice system ?

1) Draw a state diagram to represent the states and transitions for a user process 2) What is race-condition? give an example 3) Describe and give the Peterson's two process solution to the critical section problem 4) What are the benefit of multithreading ? Describe any two multithreading models 5) Give two differences between user-level threads

6pts Write a function definition that will take in a list of numbers. Your function will change every element of the list to be equal to the square of that number. Nothing is returned. For example, if the list passed in contained 2, 3, 4, 5, after the call it should contain 4, 9, 16, 25.

Process modelling is chosen during the development of the Online Submission System (OSS). Suggest and described any two (2) techniques which can be used in process modelling to Information Systems development team. Support your answers with illustrations of each technique.

Suppose that a production process changes state according to a Markov process whose transition probability matrix is given by P 0 0 0.3 1 0.5 2 0.2 30.1 1 0.5 0 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.3 2 3,119 It is known that 379 (a) Determine the limiting probabilities o and 73. (b) Suppose that states 0 and 1 are InControl while states 2 and 3

The reliability of each activity 1 through 13 of the process models and land 2 is R .9. Process Model 1 Process Model 2 o 30 A. Calculate reliability of each of the two process models. B. Which process model is more reliable

DEFINE FOLLOWINGS FROM ONLINE RESOURCES (NOT FROM SLIDES) WITH APPROPRIATE DIAGRAM WHEREVER IT IS APPLICABLE OPERATING SYSTEM AND ITS CREATION- TYPES OF OS- DIFFERENCE BETWEEN CLI AND GUI MODE KERNAL ANDROID ARCHITECTURE PROCESS AND IT STATES PCB CONETXT SWITCH THREADING ULTITHREADING MODELS

How does a simulation of the simple process model help you understand the dynamic behavior of the simple batch operating system? Explain. Comparing two models with different processor speedsone with a slow service rate and the other with a very fast ratecan be simulated by changing the workload and providing two different values for the average

1. Model at least two more complex processes of your choice in Bizagi Modeler. 2. Use as many different notations as possible.

One kilogram of air undergoes the following two internally reversible processes in a closed system. Process 12 The air is compressed adiabatically from P 100 kPa and T 300 K to P 2 P. Process 23 It is then heated at constant pressure until T3 560 K. Calculate (a) the specific volumes of the air at states 1, 2 and 3 (b) the work and heat

Consider the following figure of a process image PCB Process ID State Program Counter Memory pointers Contextdata Others E SP PSW Program Code StaticGlobal Heap Stack Memory Note that during a process switch, the dispatcher does not include the memory pointers when saving the execution context. a. Explain why this is the correct behavior if the OS

Consider the following software process model categories: I. Prescriptive Models ii. Evolutionary Models a. discuss each category b. list and discuss two software process models for each category c. what do you understand by the unified process

What are the process and process table? Explain the different states through which a process goes. Which of the states will as forensic expert will attach more attention when investigating a case in a bank. What is the main difference between program threats and system threats? In each case explain in details two of such threats. Security refers

Implicitly, each process has two states (before the transition, and after).,start 0 X 1 start Y 1 start 0 Z 1,Now, the other class RunSync Transitions.java (along with SyncTransition.java and Controller.java) differs from the above only in that it forces the processes to run always in the order X, Y, Z (try out the above code). For each of

The change of entropy is usually evaluated using the following equation SS (180) T int, rev It is assumed that all processes are internally reversible. However, the entropy change between two states of a system can be determined for any process linking the two states whether reversible or not. Explain. Explanation

A Markov process with generator matrix Q is modelled by two embedded Markov chains. Chain one uses r1 = , chain two uses r2 = 2. Explain how the choice of the two different rates impacts the modelling of the process and what the difference of the dynamics of the chains is?

Task9 simple calculator Write a C program to display a menu and ask the user to choose one option from the menu. This program should ask the user to input two numbers and, depending on his choice, either add, subtract, multiply or divide these two numbers.

Assume that the United States and Cambodia both have similar demand functions and similar taste preferences. The United States however is capital abundant while Cambodia is labour abundant. Assume that the two countries produce only two goods: capital-intensive cars and labour-intensive shoes. Currently, the two countries are in the process of

Is the value of the integral (8QT) the same for (a) all processes between states 1 and 2, (b) all reversible process between states 1 and 2 Explain.

Adoption is an individuals decision to become a regular user of a product. The consumer adoption process is followed by the Consumer-Loyalty process, which is of concern to marketers. The article states that, smoking is habitual, and consumers show high brand loyalty. With reference to BATs new product offering (vapors or nicotine tablets),

Model the states of a process and create a program to predict the next state of a process given the current state input. Take into account the interrupts and IO events. STATES new, ready, running, waiting, terminated. 1. Ask for current state 2. Model the next states for each state 3. Output the next state. new admitted ready interrupt Current

Give Two examples of real-life, software developed using each of the following process models: A) Waterfall process model B) Linear process model C) Evolutionary process model

Explain how to avoid revisited states during the search process. Explain two ways to avoid revisited states during the search process . Explain memory consumption of each way of avoiding revisited states.

Suppose F represents the nth term of the Fibonacci sequence, with F 1 and F 1. Calculate (Fn3Fn2) when n 5.

Create a Process Model for the Fulfillment Process. When creating the model include the correct path and order for your added items. Use Lucid Charts to create your process Model or any other modeling software. Example of a Procurement Process Model Procurement Process Material Management Master Data Accounting Start Search again example of a

Consider the shoe shining shoP, A customer will be served on chair 1 first, then on chair 2. The service times at the two chairs are assumed to be independent exponential random variables with rate 1 and 2. Potential customer arrive in accordance with a Poisson process having rate , and that a potential customer will enter the shop only if both

Using the two Venn diagrams below, compare and contrast the phases of SAD methodology. System development VS Maintenance Process Identification VS Process Modelling VS Process Improvement and Innovation As is Process model Analysis VS To be Process model Creation VS To be process model Analysis VS Simulation

Is Cognitive Processing Therapy (CPT) more effective in treating PTSD than Prolonged Exposure therapy (PE)? Does this question represent a correlational or experimental research design? Why? Which of the two models you learned about in the presentation would state that there is nothing interesting going on between CPT and PE in treating PTSD?

Occurrences of landfalling hurricanes during an El Nio event are modeled as a Poisson process in Bove et al. (1998). The authors assert that "During an El Nio year, the probability of two or more hurricanes making landfall in the United States is 28%." Find the rate of the Poisson process.

A piston-cylinder assembly initially contains 3.0 kg of H2O at 200 C and 0.7 MPs. The water undergoes two processes in series: Process 1-2: A constant Pressure Process. Process 2-3: A constant Volume process. At the end of the constant Volume Process, the temperature is 150 C and the water is a two-phase liquid-vapor mixture with a quality of 40%.

a. Define the rate matrix b. Define the probability matrix Pif c. What is the average time spent in state 1 ? d. What is the mean time between visits to state 1 ? e. The failure states for the system are states 0 and 3 and the operational states are states 1 and 2 . The steady state probability distribution for the states is given by

Consider the following rate diagram for a system modeled by a Markov Process 5 6 4 9 2 1 3

Explain process life cycle as we learned in class. You need to names process states during the cycle, Also explain briefly what cache one means and when transitions happen. Explain what zombie and orphan processes are. Contrast the differences Zombies Orphans Brietly explain the two models of inter-process communication (IPC) within an operating

Identify and model Process Landscape Model(Level 0), one Level 1 & two Level 2 Core processes of your choice in a local Coffee shop using Signavio. The models must include: start and end events activities at least two gateways

The process model of the operating system has 5 states: ready, running, blocked, new and exit. What are the three states where a process can execute, and the most critical data structure used in operating system?

Consider the SADT models the two processes, Process 1 (Fig. 1) and Process 2 (Fig. 2). The activities in each of the two models are identical. Each activity in the two models representing industrial processes has a dedicated resource. The two models differ the content and flow of items and information. G G E E B M D A D A B H M K Figure 1. SADT

Prepare a business process report based on the OE/S process you have modelled in last assignment and use your own initiative regarding any assumptions and cycle times if needed. Specific criteria for the business report include: a). Revise your modelled business process in last assignment according to the received feedback. Include the revised

A manufacturing firm assembles wooden toolboxes from pre-fabricated kits. The process has three stages: assembly, finishing, and packaging. They produce two models of toolboxes: the Foreman and the Chief. The production process is shown below. Assembly: T= 4minutes/toolbox Finishing: T+ 3.5 minutes/toolbox Packaging: T= 3 minutes/toolbox The

Can a single process be blocked for two IO events at a time If no, justify in once sentence. If yes, give an example. Can a process cause another blocked process to move from blocked state to ready state If no, justify in one sentence. If yes, given an example. Does a process need to make a system call each time it needs to access any hardware If

Suppose we have two copies of Bell states ) which undergo the decoherence process and evolve into mixed states (also known as Werner states) given by Pw Fv) ( v) (v ) (0) (0. 1 F 3 where F is the entanglement fidelity. (a) Show how one entangled state of higher fidelity (F) could be obtained with two entangled states of lower fidelity (F)

What could be two subtopics for process of data modeling and two subtopics for data modeling challenges?

Draw the Process State Transition Model with at least 3 suspended states (use Figure given below for Radisson blue hotel for above diagram create a draft of that diagram where how this will work in Radisson Blue hotel and write the description

New Suspend Ready Suspend Event occurs Admit Blocked Suspend Admit Activate Suspend New Activate Suspend Activate Suspend Admit Ready Event sun330 Blocked Ready Event occurs Dispatch Blocked Timeout (a) With one Suspend state Event wait Suspend Dispatch Running Timeout Event wait Running Release Release (b) With two Suspend states Figure 3.9

Describe (briefly!!!) the path a process might take through the five states specified in the five-state model discussed in the text?

Discusses the Crime Control Model and Due Process Model of Criminal Justice. Where do you believe the United States criminal justice system is right now? Where do you think it should be more toward due process or crime control? Why do you think this?

Consider the following process model with two suspend states. Ready suspend Event occurs Blocked suspend Admit New Activate Suspend Activate Suspend Admit Ready Event occurs Blocked Suspend Dispatch Timeout Running Event wait Release Exit (a) Briefly describe the Blocked and Ready suspend states. (4 marks) (b) Give an example on each transition

The table below illustrates a process model of a person, in which there are only two states sleeping and waking. The states of this process model are as follows Person is doing all other daily activities Actively sleeping Waking Sleeping The transitions between the two states of a person are WakingSleeping (Person is tired and lays down to sleep)

A computer system operates with two parallel processors P1 and P2. The total capacity (queue and server included) of P1 is K 1, and that of P2 is K 2. The system receives two types of jobs, labeled J and J. Jobs of type J must be processed at P1, and jobs of type J must be processed at P2. When a job is processed, it leaves the system. If a job

Using the Six Stage Modelling Process describe two rounds of the modelling process to develop two models for either i) ordering events occurring in a distributed environment, or ii) establishing a secure quantum-based key agreement protocol

What is the core component of an Operating System Describe the main functions performed by this component. What is a process in Operating Systems Describe five possible states of an OS Process. What is InterProcess Communication (IPC) Describe two models of IPC. What is the function of Context Switch in an Operating System

The following diagram describes HMM model with two hidden states Low and High and the observations are rainy and dry. Bot the states are equally probable to be initial states (358 marks) 0.3 Low 0.6 Rain 0.4 0,7 0.2 High 0.6 Dry 0.8 a. Construct transition state matrix and emission matrix. b. Let the observation sequence be given as Dry, Rain.

Draw a state transition diagram to model the above interactions. Draw the resource graphs corresponding to states 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, s23, 33.

p1 while (1) ( request ri request r2 release ri release r2 p2 while (1) ( request r2 request ri release r2 release ri,p1 while (1) ( request ri request r2 release ri release r2 p2 while (1) ( request r2 request ri release r2 release ri

Suppose that an operating system had the following six states: State Description Running Currently using the CPU Ready Waiting for the CPU Blocked for Interrupt Waiting for an interrupt handler to finish, then resume running Blocked for a resource Waiting for a resource to be allocated, then will become ready Suspended Moved to secondary storage

Process states In this task, we work with the process state model known from the lecture. For reasons of clarity, the state nonexistent has been represented somewhat more compactly than in the lecture (represents two states at once). Likewise, state transition 5 subsumes two activities. Assign the following terms to the respective numbered

Some Bridge Management Systems employ Markov Chain process for deterioration modelling and to predict future condition states of bridge elements. Explain (a) transition period and transition matrix in a discrete Markov Chain process, and (b) how future condition states are calculated using a transition matrix?

Explain the Due Process Model. In detail, describe why the United States prefers the Due Process Model over the Crime Control Model.

The ideal on-off control switches between two possible states depending on the sign of the error. i) What is the serious drawback of the ideal on-off control in the presence of a control valve? ii) Which modification of the on-off control reduces the above drawbacks? 1. Write the transfer function of your SOPTD model. 2. Comment on how

For the given discretetime model express the steadystate gain in terms of the five parameters. y(k) ay(k1) ay(k 2) azy (k 3) bu(k1) bu(k 2)

What's the critical region (section)? In order to avoid race conditions, how many processes is allowed to access the critical region (section) at the same time? What are the two models of interposes communication? Which one is useful for exchanging smaller amount of data? List all states that a process may be in and all possible transitions among

On a computer system with two processors (CPUs), and N (N 1) processes present in the system, what is the maximum number of processes that can be in the Running, and in the Blocked states at any given time Assume 5state model for process states.