Consider a network with four AS$$s using BGP$.$ AS$$s $1,2,$ and $3$ are trying to select

routes to a destination in AS d$.$ Each AS prefers a two$-$hop path through their

clockwise neighbor over a direct path if such a path is available $($i$.$e$.,$ AS $2$ prefers

path $23$ d$$ over $2$ d$).$ The AS$$s do not export any routes to their clockwise

neighbors $($e$.$g$.,$ AS $3$ does not export $3$ d$$ to AS $1,$ and AS $2$ would only export $2$ d$$

to AS $1).$ What decisions will the ASes make? How will the system behave?