Decide first whether data are quantitative or qualitative. Unless mentioned otherwise, no assumption has been seriously violated, and, therefore, the appropriate test should be selected from among t, F, or 2 tests. Specify the precise form of the test. For example, specify that the t test is for two population means with related samples, or that the 2 test is for two variables, or that the F test is for repeated measures.

In an extrasensory perception experiment involving a deck of special playing cards, each of 30 subjects attempts to predict the one correct pattern (on each play-ing card) from among five possible patterns during each of 100 trials. The mean number of correct predictions for all 30 subjects is compared with 20, the number of correct predictions per 100 trials on the assumption that subjects lack extrasensory perception.