Estimate the time required for a single cut in each of the following machine operations: 

a. Turn 1 inch diameter x 6 inch long. V= 100 fpm, f=0:010 inch/rev. 

b. Turn 0.125 inch in deep recess in a 2 inch diameter shaft using a ' inch wide form tool. V = 40 fpm, f = 0.0012 

c. Tap 0.3125 in diameter x 20 + 1 thread 72 inch deep. V=20 fpm 

d. Screw-cut 2.25 in. diameter x 4 in. long + 1 Acme thread 24 inch long. V= 15 fpm 

e. Drill 2 inch diameter x 1.5 inch deep. V=85 fpm, f = 0.0071 inch 

f. Ream 7/8 inch deep. V = 45 fpm, f = 0.025 i

g. Surface 1.25 inch diameter x 1/8 inch deep. 50fpm, f = 0.004 in.