Given the velocity components for a certain incompressible, steady-flow field as 1 V x *(1 + b)x Tel 1 II vy 2 (1 b)y vz = z where x, y, and z are the position components in a 3D Cartesian coordinate system, 0 0. we have nez = 0. and nei = 3u. Here, nei is known as the elongational viscosity, and the ratio of elongational viscosity to shear viscosity is known as the Trouton ratio. 5