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With the model, decision makers evaluate decision alternatives until selecting the first one that minimally solves the problem. the Delphi technique Optimizing Satisficing Maximizing QUESTION 2 Which of the following is NOT a symptom of groupthink? Illusions of invulnerability Self-censorship Pressure for conformity Careful evaluation of all alternatives These decisions are in response to routine and repetitive problems which can be solved by following established rules or procedures. a. Non-linear decisions b. Nonprogrammed decisions c. Programmed decisions d. Risky-shift phenomenon QUESTION 4 John and his managers spent a large sum of money on a new training program, and they feel that there has been little improvement as a result of the investment. The training is scheduled to continue for two more months, and John feels that with all the money already spent on the project, it is too costly to simply abandon it. He may be subject to the blind bias confirmation bias sunk-cost bias training trap Greg, Donna, and Paul are on the five-member Benefits Task Force that is researching options for the new benefits package. Over lunch, Greg, Donna, and Paul decided that adding Choice Health Club is a good idea, and that they plan on voting to agree to add it without ever researching and accurately assessing the decision. This may be an example of the Delphi technique heuristics groupthink goal displacement QUESTION 6 The organizational structure of Shoe Mart consists of people with similar specialties put together in formal groups, such as the marketing, accounting, and human resource departments. This is an example of a functional structure centralized structure hollow structure focused structure Adam, the owner of Adam's Roofing, was talking to a visitor in his office, telling her that "We are a fun-loving group that believes in teamwork and a family atmosphere at work, which significantly affects our work outcomes. Plus, we do things together outside of work. This is the 'social glue' that binds the members of our company together." Adam was referring to his company's organizational MBO diversity plan code of ethics organizational culture QUESTION 8 One disadvantage of a functional structure is Poor communication across divisions Conflicts from a dual authority structure Poor employee loyalty Duplication of effort are visible and readily apparent attributes of an organization's culture. Observable artifacts Organizational processes Organizational systems Organizational structures QUESTION 10 The deepest level of culture consists of that represents the core beliefs that organizations have about their culture. Shared norms Cultural artifacts Cultural values Assumptions