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A square shaped can be considered to be a specific type of a rectangle. This is a relationship we can $"$is$-$a$",$ where a square $"$is$-$a$"$ specific type of rectangle, particularly when all $4$ sides are equal. In OOP this relationship is called Inheritance.

The same idea we can follow for a circle, which $"$is$-$a$"$ specific type of an oval.

We can also generalize where we can say all circles, ovals, squares and rectangles are different types of shapes.

Hence, shape is a general class. But can you draw a shape without knowing what specific shape you want to draw? thus a shape is what we call in OOP an abstract class $-$ that is a class that cannot be instantiated.

However, in the spirit of programming in general, we want to create a shape factory where we can generate random shapes $($with valid dimensions, i$.$e$.$ no negative or zero sides or radius, and keep max dimension to $100,$ all integers$).$

Furthermore, adding one twist, if we have a canvas object, one can say that the canvas contains shapes or "has$-$a$"$ list of shapes associated with it$.$ This is a composition association in OOP, where a canvas contains, or "has$-$a$"$ shape$($s$).$

Shape is abstract class, and every shape has a unique id $($an incrementing positive integer$-$ Hint: use a static counter variable for this$).$