How do theoretical principles in operation management enhance efficiency? Discuss key concepts like lean manufacturing, Six Sigma, and Total Quality Management $($TQM$).$ Explain how these theories optimize processes, reduce waste, and improve quality control. Illustrate with examples how implementing Just$-$In$-$Time $($JIT$)$ inventory systems and Kanban methodologies streamline production. Analyze the impact of Theory of Constraints $($TOC$)$ on identifying and resolving bottlenecks in operations. Evaluate the role of Operations Research $($OR$)$ techniques like linear programming and simulation in decision$-$making for resource allocation and capacity planning. Assess the challenges and benefits of integrating theoretical frameworks into real$-$world operational practices.