Question: How does distillation separate components in a mixture based on their boiling points? Explain with the aid of a phase diagram. Discuss the role of

"How does distillation separate components in a mixture based on their boiling points? Explain with the aid of a phase diagram. Discuss the role of equilibrium stages and the concept of relative volatility in distillation column design. Highlight the importance of reflux ratio in achieving desired separation efficiency. Additionally, elucidate the impact of pressure and temperature on the efficiency of distillation processes. Provide practical examples to illustrate key points."

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