I am asking your generosity to help me with those small questions. I have to pass this test in order to pass this class. Please help me this time! Thank you! I WILL GIVE A RATING FOR SURE!!!

1). What is meant by action research?

a) The deliberate structuring of operations and behaviors, often in anticipation of environmental forces

b) Encompasses and further defines the steps of the Lewin change model and involves an ongoing process of joint (consultant with clients) problem discovery, diagnosis, action planning, action implementation, and evaluation

c) An outgrowth of the systems approach to organizational theory, emphasizes the interrelationships between the various parts of an organization and how change in one part will cause reactive changes in other parts

d) Involves disrupting the forces maintaining the existing state or level of behavior

2). Which of the following characteristics relates to survey feedback?

a) Focuses on changing the nature of how tasks are performed and often entails job rotation, job enrichment, and/or job enlargement

b) Involves gathering data through questionnaires and personal interviews

c) Involves using structured group experiences to help ongoing work teams function more effectively through better decision making, goal setting, and intragroup communications

d) Entails structuring interactions between interdependent persons or groups to clarify and negotiate role behaviors and expectations

3). New rules that bar agents from bringing foreign nationals back to their hotel rooms or drinking alcohol within 10 hours of their shift are the U.S. Secret Services' attempt to change

a) its organizational strategy.

b) the way people function.

c) organizational structure and design.

d) its stagnant culture.

4). When a manager spends a tremendous amount of time talking to different groups at her organization about the necessity of changing to a customer-oriented culture, she is using what strategy to overcome resistance to change?

a) Facilitation and support

b) Participation and involvement

c) Education and communication

d) Manipulation and co-optation

5). Your young employees tell you that bell-bottomed jeans are about to make a major comeback. That day, you notice two people on the sidewalk outside your pant factory wearing bell bottoms. What powerful change forces have begun to impinge on you?

a) Internal and external

b) Purely external

c) Technological and economic

d) Purely internal