${?}_{{?}_{{?}_{?}}is\text{t}\text{h}\text{e}\text{d}\text{i}\text{r}\text{e}\text{c}\text{t}\text{,}\text{c}\text{o}\text{m}\text{p}\text{u}\text{t}\text{e}\text{r}-to-\text{c}\text{o}\text{m}\text{p}\text{u}\text{t}\text{e}\text{r}\text{e}\text{x}\text{c}\text{h}\text{a}\text{n}\text{g}\text{e}ofstandardised,\text{c}\text{o}\text{m}\text{m}\text{o}\text{n}business\text{t}\text{r}\text{a}\text{n}\text{s}\text{a}\text{c}\text{t}\text{i}\text{o}\text{n}\text{d}\text{o}\text{c}\text{u}\text{m}\text{e}\text{n}\text{t}\text{s}\text{,}\text{b}\text{e}\text{t}\text{w}\text{e}\text{e}\text{n}business\text{p}\text{a}\text{r}\text{t}\text{n}\text{e}\text{r}\text{s}\text{,}\text{s}\text{u}\text{p}\text{p}\text{l}\text{i}\text{e}\text{r}\text{s}\text{,}\text{a}\text{n}\text{d}\text{c}\text{u}\text{s}\text{t}\text{o}\text{m}\text{e}\text{r}\text{s}\text{.}}$

Question $13$Answer

$a.$

Transaction processing systems

$b.$

Management information systems

$c.$

Decision support systems

$d.$

Electronic data interchange systems