In a spreadsheet, plot ionization fractions and $($:${}_1\}$ as a function of $pH(0-14)$ for the hydrofluoric acid system $??).$ Consult a chemistry textbook or reference to find the $p{K}_a$ value for this acid$-$base system. On the plot, note which species is associated with ${}_0$ and which is associated with ${}_1.$

a$.$ When the $pH$ is $>>p{K}_a,$ which species dominates?

b$.$ If $C_{T,F}=1mM,$ what are $HF$ and $F^{-}$at $pH4\mathrm{.}5?$ Remember that $[]$ means molar concentration $)=(\frac{\text{m}\text{o}\text{l}\text{e}\text{s}}{L}.$