IONS$1.$ Benzene is often produced as a side product during Grignard reactions using phenylmag$-$nesium bromide. How can its formation be explained? Give a balanced equation for its formation$\mathrm{.}2.$ Write a balanced equation for the reaction of benzoic acid with hydroxide ion. Why is it necessary to extract the ether layer with sodium hydroxide?$3.$ Interpret the principal peaks in the infrared spectrum of either triphenylmethanol or benzoic acid, depending on the procedure used in this experiment$\mathrm{.}4.$ Outline a separation scheme for isolating either triphenylmethanol or benzoic acid from the reaction mixture, depending on the procedure used in this experiment$\mathrm{.}5.$ Provide methods for preparing the following compounds by the Grignard method: