Learning Goal:

To identify situations that can be modeled as an axially loaded bar and calculate the corresponding average normal stress

In many applications, a solid bar is used to support a force along its length. This type of bar is called an axially loaded bar $.$ When the bar is prismatic, homogenous, and isotropic and the appled load acts though the centroid of the cross section, the regions

of the bar that are not near the applied loads will deform unifo For the following questions, consider the metal axial member shown in the figure below. Assume that applied loads are such that they act axially at the applied load whien itis closer to the load than the largest dilmension of the cross section of the member be $2F_2$ and the total axial load acting at the centroid at section C would be $2F_3)$

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Part D $-$ The average normal stress

Suppose the axial member has a circular cross section with a diameter of $d_B=10cm$ at section $B$ and a diameter of $d_D=5cm$ at section $D.$ What is the average normal stress in the section with the Express your answer to three significant figures with the appropriate units.

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